今日の英語ニュース☆2023.10.10☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Oct. 9, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:49]★今日のおすすめ★ Israel levels parts of Gaza in retribution for Hamas terror attack
A third day of brutal fighting between Israelis and Palestinians centered on Gaza Monday. Israel hammered the besieged region with air strikes and artillery as retribution for Saturday's bloody surprise attack by Hamas. An Israeli ground invasion of Gaza is widely expected to commence in the coming hours and days. Special correspondent Leila Molana-Allen reports from Israel.
《ハマスのイスラエル攻撃; over 900 Israelis dead, thousands more wounded, while, in Gaza, nearly 700 Palestinians have been killed; Among the dead so far, according to President Biden, are 11 Americans; special correspondent Leila Molana-Allen; Today, the prime minister of the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank, long at odds with Hamas, defended the surprise attack; Magen David Adom, Israel's national emergency service; 》
[07:34] LEILA MOLANA-ALLEN: But hundreds were killed over the weekend in the nearby kibbutz of Re'im after Hamas militants attacked an outdoor rave packed with thousands of young people.
[** rave = An all-night dance party with electronic dance music (techno, trance, drum and bass etc.) and possibly drug use (wiktionary) ]
[08:32]★今日のおすすめ★ NSC spokesman says Iran 'complicit' in Hamas terror but no evidence it helped plan attack
The Biden administration is watching the fighting between Israelis and Palestinians very closely. Geoff Bennett discussed the latest developments and where the U.S. stands with John Kirby, the coordinator for strategic communications at the National Security Council.
《国家安全保障会議のジョン・カービー戦略広報調整官に聞く; John Kirby, the coordinator for strategic communications at the National Security Council; Israel's minister for strategic affairs, he said that Americans were taken hostage by Hamas; The Wall Street Journal reports that Iranian security officials helped plan Hamas' surprise attack on Israel and gave the green light for the assault at a meeting in Beirut last Monday; There are ongoing talks regarding a peace deal between Israel and Saudi Arabia and conversations about the U.S. providing security guarantees to Saudi Arabia. And there are observers who say that Hamas and Iran had a motivation to derail that deal because it threatens to further isolate them. What does the administration see as the impact of this conflict, of this war on those talks?; intelligence failure; right now, the focus has got to be on making sure Israel can defend itself against these Hamas terrorists; specter of a wider regional war; We are a big enough, powerful enough, economically viable and vibrant enough country to be able to support multiple national security interests around the world; 》
[10:15] Number two is, of course, making sure that we get more granular information about Americans whose whereabouts are unknown right now. Sadly, we have 11 families, American families, that are grieving the loss of loved ones.
[** granular = finely detailed (Merriam-Webster) ]
[16:12] Israeli attack survivor describes moment Hamas militants kidnapped her husband
One facet of Saturday's Hamas attacks in Israel never seen before on this scale is the taking of civilian hostages. Dozens of men, women, children and the elderly were reportedly kidnapped and forcibly taken to Gaza. Their locations within the densely packed enclave are unknown. Nick Schifrin spoke with two women now enduring the horror of missing loved ones.
《前例のない規模のハマスによるイスラエル人人質連れ去り; 家族が連れされれた２人の証言; 襲撃の瞬間; The Israeli Foreign Ministry just a few hours ago said, at least publicly, there is no intention to negotiate for the release of Israelis being held hostage inside Gaza; Shaylee Atary; 》
[23:34] News Wrap
People across western Afghanistan struggled for a third day to find survivors after a catastrophic earthquake, former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy now says he'd serve in that post again if his fellow Republicans want him and Robert F. Kennedy Jr. announced he's ending his bid for the Democratic nomination and will run as an independent.
《アフガニスタン地震; Officials in Northeastern India report the death toll from last week's floods has risen to 74 people, with 100 still missing. Authorities have recovered 34 bodies in Sikkim state since a dam broke last week; Harvard Professor Claudia Goldin has claimed this year's Nobel Prize in economics for research on women in the work force; ノーベル経済学賞; Economics is about people. It's about inequality. It's about the female labor force. It's about health. It's about economic development. It's about well-being; Goldin is just the third woman to win the economics prize; 》
[25:20] SALMA BEN AISSA BRAHAM: We were preparing ourselves for winterization, and then, unfortunately, we have been hit by this crisis. We don't have funds to cover existing needs. If you compare the past three years to this year, we have almost tripled the needs in Afghanistan. So we are overstretched.
[** winterization = The act of preparing something for winter weather (wiktionary)]
[29:16]★今日のおすすめ★ Tamara Keith and Amy Walter on pressure to elect House speaker after attack in Israel
NPR’s Tamara Keith and Amy Walter of the Cook Political Report with Amy Walter join Amna Nawaz to discuss the latest political news, including the lack of leadership in the House of Representatives and the pressure mounting on Republicans to elect a speaker amid calls for Ukraine and Israel aid.
《月曜恒例：２人の政治アナリストと今週の動きを占う; Tamara Keith and Amy Walter; Will the candidates for speaker commit to not bringing Ukraine aid up to the floor?; 》
[30:56] The reality, though, for the speaker election has much more -- in terms of what the members are focusing on, it's much less about what it's sending to the world, the message it's sending to the rest of the world, or the impact even on aid to Israel. It's much more about the immediate, including what it means for funding of the government, which we know is going to run out in November, and the rules for how another speaker could be ousted.
[** motion to vacate(議長解任動議)の提出要件をどのようにするかということ。Kevin McCarthyが議長になる時、極右議員の支持を取り付けるために、１人の下院議員が単独で解任動議を出せるようにして、結果的にそれが議長解任につながった。その要件を以前のようにもっと厳しくするかどうかということ。]
[31:32] So former Speaker McCarthy stepped into the vacuum of leadership today, held a press conference at the Capitol, gave a five-point plan on Israel, and then said, like, the majority of Republicans wanted me to continue to be speaker. So you almost can add him to the other two candidates. And none of them, as Amy says, at the moment, have 217 votes to be speaker.
[** 下院の議席数は435。その過半数なら218だが、２議席が欠員しているので過半数は217 ]
[32:07] It's not clear how they get out of it, though I will say that John Kirby, in a briefing that he just held with reporters, said that, in terms of aid for Israel, there's a standing relationship, there are standing appropriations. And so the -- that may not be the thing that has the urgency.
[** standing = Permanent and unchanging; fixed ]
[34:42] AMNA NAWAZ: Tam, you heard John Kirby tell Geoff earlier that he's very optimistic, feels very good that the White House and the administration is prepared to handle all of these multiple fronts, right, the war in Ukraine, countering China, and now supporting Israel. But what does your reporting show? Do they have both the political capital and the consensus to do all that?
[** = Political capital refers to an individual's ability to influence political decisions. Political capital can be understood as a metaphor used in political theory to conceptualize the accumulation of resources and power built through relationships, trust, goodwill, and influence between politicians or parties and other stakeholders, such as constituents. Political capital can be understood as a type of currency used to mobilize voters, achieve policy reform, or accomplish other political goals...https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_capital 政治的資本 ]
[35:00] TAMARA KEITH: What's fascinating is, President Biden last week announced that he was going to give a major address on Ukraine to try to make the case to the American people that this is something that they should still care about and should still be invested in. Now he may have to give a major address on Israel and Ukraine.
[** to be invested in something = to give a lot of time and effort to something and care about it ]
[37:38] It also hearkens back to 2015-2016, when there were a couple of terrorist attacks, when the primary field on the Republican side was still very -- it hadn't gelled yet. Former President Trump came out in a very strong way, calling for a Muslim ban, things that seemed anathema to many Americans, but really helped cement his lead in the Republican primary.
[** to gel = to take shape or become clear ]
[38:31] Native Hawaiians push to preserve history and heritage following Maui wildfires
On this Indigenous Peoples' Day, we're taking a closer look at the cultural heritage lost in the devastating Maui fires. Amna Nawaz spoke with Rosalyn Lapier, a professor of history at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, about what Native Hawaiian communities want and need to rebuild.
《Indigenous Peoples' Day; Rosalyn Lapier, professor of history at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; マウイ島山火事; ハワイ山火事》
[44:05] Simone Biles cements status as greatest gymnast with record-breaking world championship
Simone Biles has made history with an incredible comeback after a two-year hiatus, cementing her GOAT status by becoming the most decorated gymnast of all time. Biles competed in the World Artistic Gymnastic Championships in Belgium where she took home four gold medals bringing her to a total of 37. Geoff Bennett discussed Biles' return to competition with Christine Brennan of USA Today.
《史上もっとも偉大な体操選手シモーン・バイルズ; Simone Biles; World Artistic Gymnastic Championships in Belgium; Christine Brennan, USA Today; a total of 37 medals between World Championships and the Olympics, 27 of which are gold; sexual abuse scandal; Larry Nassar; 》
[44:54] CHRISTINE BRENNAN, USA Today: Geoff, I think because of what you just said, all the things she's had to deal with, being a survivor of the most horrific sexual abuse scandal in sports history, domestic or international, the Larry Nassar horrors, being abused in that way, being someone who, as we know from two years ago, went through the twisties. That was the getting lost in the air, the mental block and the difficulties that she had, to the point where she had to withdraw from several events at the Tokyo Olympics.
[** twisties = (plural only) (gymnastics, slang) The loss of perceptual awareness of body positioning during a spin, twist, turn, flip, etc. maneuver. The loss of air sense (wiktionary) ]
[** mental block = A mental or psychological inability to do, think about, confront, or undertake something ]
[47:55] She's talked about wanting to just focus on what she cares about. And, interestingly, Geoff, she talks about going meet by meet. In other words, she's not going to try to tell us what she's planning to do maybe in the next year.
[** meet = a large gathering of athletes for a sports competition; a sports competition ]
[50:55] War in the Holy Land Update
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
■ セサミストリートで英語を楽しむ
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