今日の英語ニュース☆2023.08.03☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Aug. 2, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:19]★今日のおすすめ★ Breaking down the charges against Trump for his efforts to overturn the 2020 election
Former President Donald Trump will appear in federal court in Washington Thursday to enter a plea on charges that he illegally tried to overturn the legitimate results of the 2020 presidential election and stay in power. Those alleged actions are the most grave accusations to date against Trump. William Brangham reports on the historic indictment.
[トランプ起訴]
[06:21] GOV. RON DESANTIS (R-FL), Presidential Candidate: The reality is, a Republican -- a D.C. jury would indict a ham sandwich [** 「ハム・サンドイッチさえ起訴する」というのが文字通りの意味だが、恣意的に誰でも、どんないい加減な理由でも起訴できるということ ] and convict a ham sandwich if it was a Republican ham sandwich.
[07:16] Trump’s attorney blasts latest indictment as ‘attack on free speech’
Former President Donald Trump's third indictment includes the most serious charges against him. The counts include conspiracy to defraud the United States and obstruction of an official proceeding for Trump's alleged efforts to overturn the 2020 election. John Lauro is a defense attorney representing the former president. He joined Geoff Bennett to discuss the indictment.
[09:47] But in terms of a special counsel, the special counsel reports to [** to report to = to be accountable to or subordinate to (someone) in a hierarchy (wiktionary) ] Merrick Garland. Merrick Garland has the ultimate determination as to whether or not to bring an indictment. Merrick Garland is a member of the Biden administration. So, this indictment is by the Biden administration, not by some special counsel who has no reporting ability to the Biden administration.
[19:12] Jan. 6 committee investigator on findings that led to newest charges against Trump
Many of the details in former President Trump's third indictment were first revealed last year as part of the House Jan. 6 committee’s probe of the attack on the U.S. Capitol. Timothy Heaphy was the lead investigator for the committee. He joined Geoff Bennett to discuss the charges Trump now faces.
[議会襲撃事件調査委員会]
[21:22] TIMOTHY HEAPHY: Yes, look, I think the Department of Justice at the beginning was focused on what I have called kind of the blue-collar [** 議会襲撃の現場で暴動を起こした人達をblue-collar、それを背後で操り政治的クーデターを画策した人達をwhite-collarと表現 ] aspect of January 6, the rioters themselves who were there at the Capitol committing acts of violence. I think it took them a long time to get to the white-collar part of the case, the impetus, the political coup, this multipart plan that has now been alleged in the indictment.
[25:19] News Wrap
Jurors recommended death penalty for Pittsburgh synagogue gunman: In our news wrap Wednesday, jurors recommended the death penalty for the gunman who killed 11 people at a Pittsburgh synagogue, Beijing and the surrounding region are awash in severe flooding after the heaviest rain in 140 years, the American embassy in Niger will remain open despite the military coup there and Russian drones damaged a vital port in Ukraine adding another blow to grain shipments.
[27:09] [** = 日本関連のニュース…これだけ！？] GEOFF BENNETT: Meantime, another typhoon battered Okinawa and another -- Japanese islands today and headed for China.
[29:23]★今日のおすすめ★ America at a Crossroads
岐路に立つアメリカ：分断の原因と解決策を探るシリーズの第１２回／ローカル新聞の廃刊が政治的分断につながる
シリーズ 第１回 第２回 第３回 第４回
第５回 第５回 第７回 第８回
第９回 第１０回 第１１回
How the loss of local newspapers fueled political divisions in the U.S. : Over the past few decades, more than 2,000 newspapers across the country have closed, leaving many communities without a reliable source of local information. Researchers say this crisis in journalism, driven by changes in technology, is fueling the country's political divisions. Judy Woodruff visited a community in Texas that recently lost its newspaper for her series, America at a Crossroads.
[33:33] And for those Americans or those citizens who are only watching the national news, they often only get this sort of game-frame style coverage [** game frameについて、ネット上に次の文章がありました… traditional descriptive and issue-oriented news coverage has been replaced by a game-oriented approach... The rise of the strategic game frame, it is often claimed, can be linked to changes in the political system and the news business. Modern styles of campaigning rely on increasingly sophisticated strategies to manage party political platforms and party images ... As strategic political communication has become more professionalized, many news journalists see it as their job to uncover and interpret the strategies behind political actors’ words and actions... By focusing on the strategic aspects of the political game, political reporters maintain an apparent stance of both independence and objectivity... https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/52670408/10.4324_9781315622286_13.pdf ] , that it's almost like sports reporting with Democrats on one side and Republicans on the other.
[38:11] The city is facing a bond election [** = A Bond Election is a type of ballot measure in which voters decide whether to authorize a local government to issue bonds to pay for specific projects or services. It is typically used to fund public works projects such as roads, bridges, and other infrastructure. The money raised by the bond issue is usually repaid by raising taxes or other revenue sources. Bond elections are often held in conjunction with other elections, such as municipal or county elections. https://goodparty.org/political-terms/bond-election ] . Who is giving the factual information about what that bond election is going to fund?
[39:24] JUDY WOODRUFF: Johanna Dunaway of Syracuse University says that, in addition to the loss of shared identity, when a local news source closes, there are potentially a number of other impacts, including more corruption and irresponsible spending, more straight ticket voting [** = In American politics, straight-ticket voting or straight-party voting refers to the practice of voting for every candidate that a political party has on a general election ballot. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straight-ticket_voting 反対語： split-ticket voting ] , less competitive elections, and lower turnout.
[43:07]★今日のおすすめ★ Why Sinéad O’Connor’s legacy is deeper than her music
In the days since Sinead O’Connor’s death at age 56, there’s been an outpouring of appreciation for the Irish singer-songwriter’s music and her legacy. Jeffrey Brown talks with Una Mullally of The Irish Times about what made O’Connor both a revolutionary and controversial figure.
[46:48] So, in that way, she inspired an awful lot of people as well, who didn't necessarily have the bravery -- have the bravery in quite an oppressive society to speak out against various authorities and not be afraid to get in trouble. And she repeatedly questioned this lever of shame [** 「恥のレバー」。こんなことをすれば恥だと、行動を思いとどまらせる心理的要因 ] that is constantly pulled in Irish society and sought to unseat that or at least make it disjointed.
[48:38] UNA MULLALLY: I think there's so many different things about her voice and her music. I mean, her voice is singular. Anita Baker once described it as cavernous [** = giving the impression of vast, dark depths (wiktionary) ] .
[51:12] A Brief But Spectacular take on blending the worlds of art, ASL and accessibility
Brandon Kazen-Maddox is an artist, filmmaker, acrobat and GODA, a grandchild of deaf adults. They are a cofounder of Up Until Now Collective, a non-profit that provides opportunities for deaf artists who want to bring ASL dance theater to the stage, screen and beyond. Kazen-Maddox shares their Brief But Spectacular take on blending the worlds of art, ASL and accessibility.
[51:06] GEOFF BENNETT: Brandon Kazen-Maddox is an artist, filmmaker, acrobat, and an advocate for deaf artists on the stage, screen, and beyond. Tonight, Kazen-Maddox shares their [** このtheirは三人称単数所有格。理由は… Kazen-Maddox identifies as non-binary, who is also biracial and pronouns are they/them. https://abc7chicago.com/storytellers-spotlight-pride-month-on-the-red-carpet-diverse-storytelling/13320355/] Brief But Spectacular take on blending the worlds of art, ASL [* = American Sign Language ] , and accessibility.
[51:39] I was raised in a family of deaf and signing [** to sign = to use sign language // sign language = 手話 ] people. For me, my hands are storytellers, and my words are just along for the ride [** along for the ride = accompanying someone/something in a passive manner ] .