今日の英語ニュース☆2023.08.24☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Aug. 23, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:42] What to expect as GOP presidential candidates debate without Trump
Republicans are kicking the 2024 election into its next gear with their first presidential debate. But even as the party hosts its most important event yet, its frontrunner, former President Trump, is notably absent. Lisa Desjardins is at the debate venue in Milwaukee and has a preview of what’s to come.
《大統領選共和党討論会、共和党予備選討論会、共和党討論会、Milwaukee; トランプ欠席、８人出席、うち６人が知事か経験者、Trump's prerecorded interview with Tucker Carlson on the social media site X, formerly known as Twitter; feud between former President Trump and FOX News 》
[03:49] However, there are competitors rising up against him [* = Ron DeSantis]. And every single other campaign that I spoke to said of Ron DeSantis they believe he has the most to lose tonight. So this will certainly be a test for him. And, of course, this is also a test of former President Trump. He is certainly in the ether [** in the ether = being discussed a lot at a particular time (Cambridge Dictionary)] here tonight, everyone talking about him.
[05:58] GOV. RON DESANTIS (R-FL), Presidential Candidate: Because, if you're not rooted in principle, if all we are is listless vessels that are just supposed to follow whatever happens to come down the pike [* to come down the pike = to happen or appear] on TRUTH Social every morning, that's not going to be a durable movement.
LISA DESJARDINS: Now, DeSantis began his career, he was elevated because he was such a Trump supporter. But Trump and his supporters say that that was a knock [** knock = a criticism ] against them. And, in fact, I talked to some voters here, some Trump voters, who say they don't believe DeSantis' words that it wasn't intended for them, it was about elected officials. They say they did take that personally.
[07:57]★今日のおすすめ★ How the suspected death of Prigozhin could impact Russia's stability
Russia's aviation agency says Yevgeny Prigozhin, the head of the Wagner mercenary group, was on board a plane that crashed near Moscow. The crash comes two months after Prigozhin's attempted coup against the Kremlin. Amna Nawaz discussed the development with Angela Stent and Candace Rondeaux.
《Yevgeny Prigozhin; エフゲニー・プリゴジン; Wagner Group; 飛行機事故、見せしめのための暗殺か、Angela Stent, former top U.S. intelligence officer on Russia, currently professor at Georgetown University; Candace Rondeaux, senior director at New America, Washington, D.C.-based think tank; 》
[10:59] But I think, this time, we see the reaction on Telegram from Prigozhin's fans, Wagner fans, people who are close to him [* = Prigozhin] , seeming to confirm that, in fact, he is dead and the namesake of Wagner Group, Dmitry Utkin [** < Utkin allegedly founded the Wagner Group, with his own call-sign reportedly being Wagner... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitry_Utkin
この部分の意味は、Wagner Groupという名前はDmitry UtkinのコールサインがWagnerだったことに由来するが、そのUtkinも今回の航空機墜落で死亡したということ ] , is also dead, along with several others who were very involved in the business.
[17:42] News Wrap
In our news wrap Wednesday, Rudy Giuliani turned himself in at an Atlanta jail on charges of conspiring to overturn the 2020 election results, Tropical Storm Franklin lashed the Dominican Republic and Haiti, authorities on Maui are urging families to provide DNA samples to identify the remains of those who died in the wildfires and crews are racing to contain hundreds of wildfires in Greece.
《Tropical Storm Franklin lashed the Dominican Republic and Haiti; remnants of Tropical Storm Harold brought more downpours in Texas; Rudy Giuliani turned himself in at an Atlanta jail today; Sidney Powell also surrendered today; Trump is expected to turn himself in tomorrow; 》
[21:58] The significance of India's successful landing on the moon’s south pole
It was a historic day for India as it became the fourth country to land on the moon. It comes after a failed attempt in 2019 and just days behind a failed Russian lunar landing. Prime Minister Modi watched alongside the team at the Indian Space Research Organization as the Chandrayaan-3 touched down in the moon’s south polar region. Amna Nawaz and Miles O'Brien discussed the monumental moment.
《インド月面着陸、Chandrayaan-3 touched down in the moon's south polar region; Pragyan, rover; moon race 2.0; 》
[24:53] AMNA NAWAZ: So, Miles, tell us a little more about why the south pole of the moon in particular seems to be attracting more visitors now. And is this what's basically fueling sort of a moon race 2.0? [** 月面着陸を目指す1960年代頃の米ソの競争をmoon race 1.0とすると、最近の各国や企業の競争がmoon race 2.0。Miles O'Brienの説明によると、そのきっかけは、2009年のChandrayaan-1による月の南極の氷発見で、それが月面基地の実現性や水素燃料による宇宙開発についての考え方を変えた。]
MILES O'BRIEN: Yes, it's kind of fun to watch. It's very different this go-round. It is interesting that, in 2009, the Chandrayaan-1, which was a moon orbiter, carried an instrument built by NASA, which made the first discovery of water ice at the south pole of the moon. And that has set off quite a race, because it changes the way you think about possibly operating an outpost on the moon. If you have water, you have H2O, you can certainly sustain life, obviously. But you can also create electrical energy, and H and O are actually rocket fuel. So you could conceivably fuel up rockets to go back to Earth, or perhaps even go farther beyond. So, with all that in mind, people who want to explore space find this an intriguing spot as a launching pad, if you will.
[27:40] And nobody is enjoying any moment of schadenfreude [** schadenfreude = pleasure derived from the misfortunes of others ] over the Russian failure.
[28:14] More than 37 million acres burned as Canada struggles to combat devastating wildfires
It's been a very difficult summer in Canada as that country has battled wildfires endlessly. More than 37 million acres have burned and smoke from those fires significantly affected air quality in the U.S. A new analysis out this week found that warmer conditions from climate change made those fires more likely to break out. Dan Rivers of Independent Television News reports.
《カナダ山火事; Dan Rivers of Independent Television News 》
[31:19] Who could benefit from the Biden administration's latest plan to relieve student debt
Student loan borrowers might find relief under the Biden administration’s income-driven repayment plan. Launched this week, the SAVE plan, which stands for saving on a valuable education, could help borrowers with the potential for lower or no monthly payments. But there are questions about who will benefit from the plan and who it leaves out. Geoff Bennett discussed more with Cory Turner of NPR.
《学生ローン救済策、SAVE plan, or Saving on a Valuable Education; Cory Turner, education correspondent for NPR; income-based repayment plan; 最高裁が違憲とした救済策との違い; This authority, the education secretary's authority to create an income-based repayment plan was delegated to the secretary by an act of Congress back in the early '90s. And the language in the law is fairly clear; 》
[37:19]★今日のおすすめ★ Northwest Syria faces slow recovery 6 months after devastating earthquake
In February, a 7.8-magnitude earthquake rocked rebel-controlled Syria, killing more than 7,000, injuring thousands more and destroying livelihoods. Cut off from the rest of the world by the Asad regime, survivors have struggled to rebuild. Special correspondent Leila Molana-Allen traveled to some of the worst-affected areas to speak with survivors coping with the emotional and physical scars.
《シリア反体制派支配地域の地震から半年、シリア地震、シリア北西部、Leila Molana-Allen; traveling to Idlib and Jindires; 世界から忘れられつつある; White Helmets, local civil defense volunteers; 》
[38:38] Syrians trapped in this besieged enclave that's home to 4.5 million people were left to depend on the local civil defense volunteers known as the White Helmets [** White Helmets = the Syria Civil Defence 以前の番組に出てきました ] , who've worked for years to save victims of airstrikes and shelling attacks carried out by Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad and his Russian allies.
[45:57]★今日のおすすめ★ 福島原発から汚染処理水海洋放出 A look at the plan to release Fukushima's treated radioactive water into the sea
Japan is expected to release treated radioactive water from the wrecked Fukushima nuclear plant as soon as Thursday. The government and the utility operating the facility say it is safe and the release is being closely monitored, but nearby countries oppose the move. It's also a concern for Japanese fishermen. Miles O'Brien has his latest report in a series of stories with access to Fukushima.
《福島原発汚染処理水海洋放出; Lake Barrett, nuclear engineer; Barrett led the cleanup campaign for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in the wake of the Three Mile Island meltdown in 1979; now a paid consultant to TEPCO; 東京電力、Haruo Ono, fisherman; 海洋放出は約３５年間続く、tritium, トリチウム; radioactive form of hydrogen, luminescent and used to light watch dials, reacting with oxygen, just like regular hydrogen, creating water that is radioactive; it cannot be practically separated from H2O in quantities this large; Yasutoshi Nishimura, minister of economy, trade, and industry; International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA; Marine radiochemist Ken Buesseler, senior scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; 近隣国の非難、Azby Brown, American expat living in Japan for 37 years, lead researcher for Safecast, nonprofit; TEPCO and the government of Japan lacking transparency and inclusiveness, not making water samples available to independent researchers; discharge point two-thirds-of-a-mile offshore; 具体的な放出方法 》
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
■ セサミストリートで英語を楽しむ
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