今日の英語ニュース☆2023.09.27☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Sept. 26, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:21]★今日のおすすめ★ Government shutdown deadline looms amid new concerns about potential effects
More warnings about the potential effects of a government shutdown came Tuesday with concern from both the Department of Justice and the American Legion that national security could be affected and a signal from Moody’s that it would downgrade U.S. credit. Congress has until Saturday to figure this out. Congressional Correspondent Lisa Desjardins reports on where things stand.
《政府閉鎖間近、government shutdown deadline looming; 3 options House Speaker Kevin McCarthy can take, but possibly jeopardizing his job; increasing pressure on New Jersey Democratic Senator Bob Menendez to resign from Senate ; bribery charges; arraignment tomorrow; Menendez stepped down as chairman of the House Foreign Relations Committee; 》
[03:58] Far be it from modern Congresses to be logical, but this is an especially wild and I think confusing situation.
[** far be it from (one) to (do something) = It is not one's place to do or say some particular thing ]
[05:50] And then there's a discharge petition. We have some of the smartest viewers in the world. You know that. I think they're familiar with this concept that if enough members of the House signed a petition, they could force through a funding bill, but that again could put Speaker McCarthy's speakership in jeopardy.
[** discharge petition = In United States parliamentary procedure, a discharge petition is a means of bringing a bill out of committee and to the floor for consideration without a report from the committee by "discharging" the committee from further consideration of a bill or resolution...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discharge_petition ]
[07:21] News Wrap
The Supreme Court cleared the way for a new congressional map in Alabama with a second majority-Black district, the federal government and 17 states are suing Amazon accusing it of stifling competition and forcing inflated prices, the auto workers strike hit day 12 with President Biden joining the picket line and South Korea held its first military parade in a decade.
《A state court judge in New York ruled that former President Trump and his company, the Trump Organization, committed fraud for years; in Trump's 2020 election subversion case, his lawyers are attacking a proposed gag order, claiming it would violate his free speech rights; UAW strike day 12, President Biden joined a picket line; Supreme Court cleared the way for a new congressional map in Alabama; federal government and 17 states are suing Amazon accusing it of stifling competition and forcing inflated prices; People kept pouring out of the Nagorno-Karabakh region in Azerbaijan today as an overnight explosion claimed new victims; the USAID administrator, Samantha Power; South Korea held its first military parade in a decade; Hunter Biden is accusing Trump ally Rudy Giuliani of violating his digital privacy, his personal data wrongly obtained from a computer repair shop; California now has a new law that blocks school boards from banning textbooks that teach about race, sexual orientation and gender; 》
[13:06]★今日のおすすめ★ カマラ・ハリス副大統領へのインタビュー
Harris on the UAW strike, looming shutdown and impeachment ‘games’
Several issues are swirling this week with potential economic and political fallout, including the ongoing auto workers strike, a looming government shutdown and the first hearing in the impeachment inquiry into President Biden. Geoff Bennett spoke to Vice President Kamala Harris about all of it at Morehouse College in Atlanta where she courted young voters as part of a month-long college tour.
《カマラ・ハリス副大統領; Vice President Kamala Harris》
[18:19] It's just reasonable that you might want to know if someone can buy a lethal weapon, if they have been found by a court to be a danger to themselves or others. Similar with red-flag laws. Congress has the power to do that, but, sadly, a lot of folks there just don't have the courage to do it and have been selling this false choice, which suggests you either favor the Second Amendment or we want to take everyone's guns away.
[** red flag law = a gun control law permitting police or family members to petition a state court to order the temporary removal of firearms from a person who may present a danger to others or themselves (wiktionary) ]
[19:56] GEOFF BENNETT: Looking at all of the issues in your portfolio, abortion, voting rights, immigration, now gun safety, these are the most, as you well know, fraught issues, difficult for Democrats to gain traction in Congress.
[** portfolio = (この文脈では)任せられている様々な職責の集合の全体 ]
[** fraught = 多くの問題をはらんだ。複雑で難しい ]
[20:48] And what you probably remember is that the pundits were saying there was going to be a red wave. It never happened.
[** red wave = 2022年の中間選挙では当初、共和党(赤色で表現される)の圧勝という大波が起きると予想されていたが、実現しなかった ]
[21:53] GEOFF BENNETT: HBCUs comprise less than 5 percent of all institutions of higher education, and yet they produce half of all doctors and lawyers in this country, 80 percent of judges, half of all public schoolteachers in this country. Secretary Cardona said today 100 percent of the vice presidents in this country.
[** このallは紛らわしい使われ方をしているが、動画画面で説明しているように、アフリカ系のすべての医師や弁護士の半分という意味 ]
[** 100 percent of the vice presidentsの部分も、100 percent of the Black vice presidentsの意味。と言っても、アメリカのアフリカ系副大統領は、今のところ１人だけだが(それがジョークになっている)。]
[22:11] GEOFF BENNETT: When you think about the value proposition of HBCUs today, what do you tell people? What do you see, especially in light of the Supreme Court ruling overturning the use of race-conscious college admissions practices?
[** value proposition = The primary benefit of a product or service; The benefit offered by an organization's product or service ]
[** 連邦最高裁により、大学入学選考でのaffirmative action(積極的差別是正措置)は違憲とされ、使えなくなったことを指す ]
[24:12]★今日のおすすめ★ UAW president discusses Biden joining picket line and union's demands from automakers
In a first for a sitting president, President Biden joined a picket line in Michigan Tuesday to show support to striking members of the United Auto Workers union. It's the second week of strikes against Detroit’s Big Three automakers, GM, Ford and Stellantis. Amna Nawaz spoke with UAW President Shawn Fain about Biden's visit and the union's demands.
《UAW President Shawn Fain; 全米自動車労組（UAW）のショーン・フェイン委員長へのインタビュー、sitting president for the first time in our history to visit a picket line; Steven Rattner, President Obama's auto czar, helped negotiate the 2008 deal amid the financial crisis; corporate greed; 》
[26:35] And these companies are taking the billions of dollars in our tax dollars, but they're trying to drive a race to the bottom by paying substandard wages and benefits.
[** race to the bottom = A situation in which competition between entities leads to elimination of perks or amenities, often in the interest of cutting costs (wiktionary) ]
[28:48] If labor costs do go up in a union shop with these Big Three, that does mean they are paying higher labor costs than non-unionized shops that are largely operating across the South now. Do you have a long-term concern about the ability for them to continue competing and then employing more union workers?
[** union shop = A place of employment in which newly hired workers must join the union representing the workers within a certain period of time, typically 30 days (wiktionary)]
[32:15] Some Lahaina residents return to find what's left of their homes after Maui wildfires
It’s been seven weeks since the deadliest American wildfires in more than a century swept through the Hawaiian island of Maui. Some residents in the hardest-hit neighborhoods of Lahaina are finally getting a chance to return home. William Brangham reports from Maui on what life is like for those who survived.
《マウイ島山火事から７週間、ラハイナで住民の帰還始まる、ハワイ山火事、Maui wildfires; Hawaii wildfires; William Brangham; 現地リポート; Lahaina》
[33:06] EDITH JACINTO: Every time I would drive past, it was like, I will either cry or I get goose bumps, or I just say, like, this is not real right now. This is not real. But it is.
[** eitherのあとは必ずA or Bだと言い張る人がいるが、実際の英語ではそうとは限らない(A or B or C… もある)。その例 ]
[33:32] On that terrible day, the Jacintos were all together at home when Edith's nephew sent a startling message: A fire was fast approaching.
EDITH JACINTO: He tried to get a hold of all of us texting or calling, saying: You guys got to get out.
[** to get a hold of someone = (この文脈では)連絡する ]
[37:22] AARON KAMAUNU: The neighbors, right, they are coming back and reporting to us, say, hey, the fire is getting close. And I said, no way. I just left the area, can't be that fast. Well, guess what? That puppy was a block away.
WILLIAM BRANGHAM: It had gone from a mile to a block away.
AARON KAMAUNU: In minutes, in minutes, minutes, minutes, minutes. It was, like, unreal, unbelievable.
[** puppy = A (generic) thing; particularly something that is a nuisance (wiktionary). 子犬という意味ではない ]
[43:11] An inside look at Ukrainian soldiers on frontline of grueling counteroffensive
The U.S. has sent Ukraine tens of billions of dollars of weapons and senior U.S. military officials predict Ukraine has only about a month to make progress against Russia before rainy weather makes movement difficult. With the help of the Pulitzer Center, Nick Schifrin, videographer Eric O’Connor and their team spent a week on the frontline and has this inside look at the counteroffensive.
《ウクライナ反転攻勢、前線からのリポート、Ukraine has only about a month to make progress against Russia before rainy weather makes movement difficult; first-person view (FPV); 》
[45:51] Their first step is a surveillance drone that will help guide the kamikaze pilot. The Chinese-made surveillance Mavic drone flies toward the Russian position. The kamikaze drones are called FPVs for first-person view from video goggles.
[** = First-person view (FPV), also known as remote-person view (RPV), or simply video piloting, is a method used to control a radio-controlled vehicle from the driver or pilot's view point. Most commonly it is used to pilot a radio-controlled aircraft or other type of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) such as a military drone. The vehicle is either driven or piloted remotely from a first-person perspective via an onboard camera, fed wirelessly to video FPV goggles or a video monitor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-person_view_(radio_control) ( Wikipediaの右上のlanguagesに日本語のページへのリンクもあります ) ]
[53:26] ZACHAR (through translator): Our commander died in Bakhmut. We were working with a rocket-propelled grenade. There was incoming, and he was instantly killed.
[** incoming = enemy fire directed at oneself ]
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
■ セサミストリートで英語を楽しむ
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