今日の英語ニュース☆2023.06.29☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour June 28, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルに多くの語句の説明(今日は４０件くらい)があります
[00:00] 今日の番組内容
[02:19] 記録的熱波の南部 山火事の煙に覆われる北部
[05:34] 今日のその他の主要ニュース
[06:22] A U.S. Marine veteran, Daniel Penny, pleaded not guilty today in the choke hold killing of a Black man on a New York subway train. Penny arrived in court this morning after being indicted for second-degree manslaughter and criminally negligent homicide. He remains free on bond. The victim, Jordan Neely, had been shouting and begging for money when Penny used the choke hold on him. Neely's family says he struggled with mental illness. [** 関連ニュース ]
[07:40] Back in this country, one of the so-called Central Park 5 [** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Park_jogger_case ] in New York, Yusef Salaam, has a commanding lead in a city council primary, with votes still being counted. He was convicted of raping a jogger as a teenager, but ultimately exonerated.
[08:38] LOWELL WEICKER (R-CT): At this point in time, if we try to play coy [** = to avoid giving a direct or complete answer (Merriam-Webster)] or to be less than extremely forceful at getting the truth out, people are going to impute [* to impute = to attribute or ascribe ] to us this rather sordid succession of events.
[09:40]★今日のおすすめ★ バイデン政権の経済政策 Mitch Landrieu大統領上級顧問に聞く
[11:04] And, as the president said, trickle-down economics [** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trickle-down_economics ] never worked. Top down to the bottom never work. So he's building an economy from the bottom up and the middle out
[** < https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle-out_economics ] .
[12:21] MITCH LANDRIEU: Well, first of all, there's no empirical [** = based on what is experienced or seen rather than on theory (Cambridge Dictionary) ] evidence right now that a recession is headed our way.
[12:54] Inflation is still higher than we want it to be, which is why the president is concentrating hard on lowering costs, like prescription drugs and health care costs, as well as for hearing aids, junk fees [** 以前の番組に出てきました ] , things like that, that will help lower the costs for American citizens.
[13:58] We have hit the ground running [** to hit the ground running = to begin something energetically and successfully ] . We're getting the job done.
[15:40] [** Bidenomicsの説明 ] We used to send jobs overseas. And many of these communities, especially in the South and, quite frankly, all over the country got hallowed out. The president is turning that around. That's what Bidenomics is about. So, the failed theory of trickle-down economics is being replaced with the idea that, in America, when we do things together, we can do big things, especially if you build an economy from the bottom up and the middle out and you don't leave anybody behind. And we believe that American citizens will benefit tremendously from that, because they're the ones that are actually making it happen.
[16:24] ウクライナ戦争 東部の街Kramatorskのピザ店にロシアのミサイル 少なくも１１人死亡 Independent Television NewsのJohn Irvine記者がリポート
[18:01] President Putin, in Dagestan today to discuss tourism, has tried to draw a line under [** to draw a line under = to deem (a matter, especially a problematic one) to be now closed or concluded (wiktionary); to finish something and move on from it (thefreedictionary)] the mutiny debacle.
[18:59] With Russia's most effective fighters, the Wagner Group, now gone from the battlefield and the remaining forces presumably demoralized by the leadership mayhem [** = a state or situation of great confusion, disorder, trouble or destruction; chaos (wiktionary)] at home, the Ukrainian army has never had a better time to strike.
[19:29] 国連調査 キューバの米グアンタナモ収容所は残酷、非人道的、屈辱的 報告書をまとめたFionnuala Ni Aolainに聞く
[19:57] The report was the result of the first ever visit to Guantanamo Bay by an independent U.N. investigator. Its author, Fionnuala Ni Aolain, is the U.N. special rapporteur [** = A person appointed by a deliberative body to investigate an issue or a situation, and report back to that body (wiktionary)] on human rights and counterterrorism and a professor of law.
[25:15] Whether you're a P5 [** = Permanent Five = https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_members_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Council ] member or just a small state, you are not allowed to torture.
[27:11]★今日のおすすめ★ アフリカ系アメリカ女性に多い妊娠・出産関連の死 オリンピック・アスリートTori Bowieの例 白人女性の２．６倍 スタンフォード大学医学部のAmanda Williams助教授に聞く
[28:25] I hope you don't mind me mentioning this, but your own personal story dovetails with [** = ぴったり一致する、あてはまる、符合する ] Tori Bowie's.
[29:36] For example, most other countries, low-risk care is given by midwives, whereas, in the United States, you have low-risk care being given by high-risk doctors, who then are not giving patients the opportunity to have the physiologic [** = being in accord with or characteristic of the normal functioning of a living organism ] birth that they might be able to.
[30:25] AMANDA WILLIAMS: Well, the thing that's missing that is so germane [** = related; relevant] to Black and indigenous birthing people is the history of systemic racism [** = Institutional racism, also known as systemic racism, is defined as policies and practices that exist throughout a whole society or organization and that result in and support a continued unfair advantage to some people and unfair or harmful treatment of others based on race. It manifests as discrimination in areas such as criminal justice, employment, housing, health care, education and political representation... (wikipedia) 制度的人種差別、構造的人種差別 ] , and how racism has been infused into American medicine.
[31:54] And many of them, it is stunning, really were preventable, whether it was they went into labor, and they were in a place where they couldn't get easy access to the hospital in what we call maternity deserts [** = 「産科病院砂漠」 ] , as the March of Dimes [* = March of Dimes is a United States nonprofit organization that works to improve the health of mothers and babies. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_of_Dimes ] has designated them.
[32:15] Patient is saying, I have pain, I have pain, or my bleeding is more, and being shushed aside and saying, there there [** there, there = used to calm somebody or urge somebody to relax ] , everything is fine, or lab results not being recognized in a timely fashion.
[33:19] So have someone with you, whether it's your sister, your mother, your partner, your doula [** doula = a person trained to provide advice, information, emotional support, and physical comfort to a mother before, during, and just after childbirth ( Merriam-Webster). ドゥーラ,出産に関するアドバイスやサポートを行う女性,医療スタッフではないが自らの経験を基に,出産時や出産後の母親に対する支援を行う『英辞郎』 ] , to be an advocate for you.
[33:59] And then, finally, I would say wraparound [** = all-inclusive; comprehensive ] services, so to think about the things that probably should be part of traditional care, but aren't, things like doula support, things like lactation support, mental health, nutrition, those pieces of the puzzle that are often forgotten, yet are an important part of people's well-being and safety.
[34:40] 2024年大統領選共和党候補者 Will Hurd元下院議員(テキサス州選出)へのインタビュー
[35:57] And I think the Biden White House is consumed with this concept of escalation. They believe that anything they do to help the Ukrainians is going to prompt the Russians going kamikaze [** = having or showing reckless disregard for safety; suicidal ] .
[36:25] And, to me, this was a great opportunity. When your adversary is mixed up [** to be mixed up = to become disorganized or confused ] worrying about their own house, strengthen your friends, so that they can push the Russians out of all Ukraine.
[40:48]★今日のおすすめ★ アメリカの医師の２/3が疲労困憊 その結果、患者が受けられる医療の質が低下 改善する取り組み(Patient Revolution)をリポート
[46:36] Doctors, social workers, psychologists, chemical dependency specialists, and others meet regularly. They're also on speed dial with [** 類似表現：to have (someone) on speed dial = to contact someone very frequently // speed dial = 短縮ダイヤル ] housing or finance officials, if needed.
[50:03] ズワイガニが消えたベーリング海
[50:30] KIRSTEN DOBROTH: The snow crab population crashed [** to crash (動詞) < crash (名詞) = a sudden decline in any living form's population levels, often leading to extinction (wiktionary) ] in Alaska, but why?
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
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