今日の英語ニュース☆2023.09.22☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Sept. 21, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:32]★今日のおすすめ★ Ukraine’s Zelenskyy appeals to U.S. for continued aid against Russia’s
Ukraine’s President Zelenskyy is visiting Washington with the goal of securing more armaments to repel Russia’s 18-month invasion. But there is growing skepticism and some hostility toward the requests among House Republicans, even as senators met Zelenskyy with open arms. Laura Barron-Lopez and Lisa Desjardins discuss the latest developments in D.C., while Nick Schifrin reports from Kyiv.
《Volodymyr Zelenskyy visiting Washington; ゼレンスキー大統領ワシントン訪問 growing skepticism among House Republicans about providing more aid; 》
[09:30] Based on your reporting, how long and how much money could this take?
NICK SCHIFRIN: It is the crucial question for D.C., Geoff. And when we speak to front-line soldiers and President Zelenskyy's aides about that, there's no clear answer. They are still 100 percent focused on what they believe is their only goal, and that is reseizing all of their territory, no matter how long it takes and, at least in the short term, seizing enough territory in Southern Ukraine to threaten Russian supply lines and Russia's control over Crimea. But that is a Herculean task because of massive Russian defenses. And Ukraine is struggling to make progress in that key southern district.
[** Herculean = Requiring a huge amount of work; of extraordinary difficulty (wiktionary) ]
[13:04] But President Biden this week, and especially today, as he met with President Zelenskyy, has really tried to hammer home the point that the United States, despite what leading Republicans on the presidential field and despite what is being said among the House Republican Conference, that the United States is behind Ukraine and that all countries, all democracies across the world have a stake in this war that's ongoing right now.
[** to hammer home = To make something extremely clear; to make someone understand or realize something, especially through forceful repetition (thefreedictionary) ]
[14:36] U.S. diplomat discusses American policy toward Ukraine amid Russian
Before his mission to Washington, Ukraine’s President Zelenskyy first stopped in New York on Tuesday to address the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council. Ambassador Victoria Nuland, who is the acting deputy secretary of state for the U.S., joins Amna Nawaz to discuss American policy and global security in the face of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
《Victoria Nuland, acting deputy secretary of state; 》
[22:08] News Wrap
The Senate confirmed two more top military nominees after a monthslong blockade, a U.S. government contractor was charged with espionage, Congress heads home for the weekend as a government shutdown looms, Azerbaijan officials met with representatives from the breakaway Nagorno-Karabakh region, and India suspended visa services in Canada amid a widening diplomatic rift.
《General Randy George will be the next Army chief of staff; General Eric Smith will be the Marine Corps commandant; Tommy Tuberville; Jack Teixeira; 》
[22:07] AMNA NAWAZ: In the day's other headlines: The Senate confirmed two more top military nominees after a months-long blockade. General Randy George will be the next Army chief of staff, and General Eric Smith will be the Marine Corps commandant. Their nominations were among hundreds that had been blocked by Alabama Republican Senator Tommy Tuberville to protest the Defense Department's abortion policy. A Pentagon spokesman said the delays have been damaging.
BRIG. GEN. PATRICK RYDER, Pentagon Press Secretary: These holds present a national security and military readiness risk. From a Department of Defense standpoint, we have been very clear that we would like the holds to be lifted so that we can ensure that we have the right officers in the right jobs at the right time.
[** hold = Senate hold = An informal practice by which a senator informs Senate leadership that he or she does not wish a particular measure or nomination to reach the floor for consideration. https://www.senate.gov/about/research-tools/glossary.htm ]
[27:30]★今日のおすすめ★ What Rupert Murdoch’s succession means for the future of right-wing media
Over seven decades, Rupert Murdoch assembled a global media empire that includes Fox News, The Wall Street Journal and The New York Post. Now, the 92-year-old mogul is stepping down, with his eldest son set to take over in November. NPR media correspondent David Folkenflik joins John Yang to discuss Murdoch’s legacy and successor.
《Rupert Murdoch is stepping down; David Folkenflik, NPR; 》
[29:51] DAVID FOLKENFLIK: Well, I think what it's told you is that he [* = Lachlan Murdoch] wouldn't have that job if his last name were yours or mine. He's made some smart investments when -- involving an online site involving real estate in Australia, the question of Tubi, which is sort of an advertising-premised television channel or service now. But it's nothing to indicate that this is somebody who brings incredible vision or incredible charisma to the job.
[** = Tubi is an American over-the-top content platform and ad-supported streaming service owned by Fox Corporation since 2020... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubi ]
[31:16] And in that case, the legacy that endures is sort of the success and the fun at times of his right-wing populism, but also the punitive and pugilistic nature of it that has been ultimately quite corrosive, not only to our sense of what fair play is in journalism in this country and in some of the others, like the U.K. and Australia, in which he was so dominant, but even throughout our body politic, where the -- this asymmetrical influence he had over the Republican Party and the degree of, in a sense, business and political power he obtained as a result has left him serving an audience that wanted rawer and rawer red meat, that ultimately led him to chasing his audience, rather than guiding them to a place that involved the facts.
[** body politic = the people of a country or state considered as a political unit (thefreedictionary) ]
[32:37] Black band director speaks out after violent arrest at Alabama football
The police use of force Thursday against Alabama high school band director Johnny Mims is sending ripples across the nation. Video of the incident after a football game shows police arresting and tasing Mims after he refused to stop the band’s traditional “fifth quarter” performance. Mims and Alabama state Rep. Juandalynn Givan join Amna Nawaz to discuss what happened.
《Alabama high school band director Johnny Mims, Black man; police arresting and tasing Mims after he refused to stop the band’s traditional “fifth quarter” performance; Juandalynn Givan, Mims's attorney, Alabama state representative; Taser; Tase 》
[32:57] In that video, police approach Minor High School's band director, Johnny Mims, who is leading his students as they performed into the so-called fifth quarter, a tradition from historically Black colleges in which both teams' bands play dueling songs after the game ends.
[** fifth quarterとは何か説明している部分 ]
[34:10] They say, we're going to call the superintendent. You say, get out of my face. It just seems to escalate and escalate and escalate.
[** get out of my face = Leave me alone; stop annoying me; stop getting so close to me or harassing me; go away ]
[40:39]★今日のおすすめ★ Minnesota grapples with nickel mining impacts as EV manufacturing raises demand
The Inflation Reduction Act includes a number of incentives to build and buy electric vehicles. For auto manufacturers, that includes incentives for sourcing their parts and raw materials domestically. That presents challenges for some communities ? notably in northern Minnesota, where there has been a rise in permit applications for new mines. Special correspondent Fred de Sam Lazaro reports.
《Minnesota; nickel mining; ニッケル採掘; EV; electric vehicle; Fred de Sam Lazaro; battery; lithium ion phosphate battery not containing nickel; 》
[43:32] Unlike iron mining, extracting nickel ores, which also contain copper, cobalt and platinum, produces acid byproducts. This sulfide mining has a toxic legacy across the world, including mines owned by Rio Tinto, the Anglo-Australian company and joint venture partner here with Talon Metals.
[** sulfide mining = What is Sulfide Mining? Metallic sulfide mining (aka hard rock mining) is the practice of extracting metals such as nickel, gold and copper from a sulfide-rich ore body. Sulfides are a geologic byproduct of mining in this area, and by exposing sulfides to the air and water in our atmosphere, sulfuric acid can be created -- threatening to poison the nearby water, environment, and communities... https://savethewildup.org/about/sulfide-mining-101/ ]
[44:09] FRED DE SAM LAZARO: For example, he says a tunnel-boring machine will lay a pipe that will protect the groundwater table as it drills further down to reach the buried metals. And water pumped out at this deeper level would be contained in steel tankers and treated before being released above ground into nearby waterways.
[** groundwater table = water table = The level below which the ground is completely saturated with water. 地下水面 ]
[45:06] FRED DE SAM LAZARO: Melanie Benjamin is chief executive of the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe.
[** = The Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe..., also known as the Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians, is a federally recognized American Indian tribe in east-central Minnesota. The Band has 4,302 members as of 2012...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mille_Lacs_Band_of_Ojibwe ]
[49:31] Why changes to clothing norms are a point of contention on Capitol Hill
The Senate is loosening its long-standing dress code requiring business attire, igniting a debate about clothing in the halls of Congress. Sen. John Fetterman, D-Penn., known for wearing shorts and hooded sweatshirts around the Capitol, appreciates the change ? but many others do not. Stanford Law School professor Richard Thompson Ford joins Geoff Bennett to discuss the change and what it means.
《Senate is loosening its long-standing dress code; John Fetterman, D-Penn; Richard Thompson Ford, Stanford Law School; 上院の服装規定緩和; 服装規則 》
[53:43] Returning to that question about the demise of formality, where do you see the American public right now, the American culture, writ large?
[** writ large = on a larger scale or in a more prominent manner (Merriam-Webster) ]
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
■ セサミストリートで英語を楽しむ
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