春休みの課題で新型コロナウイルスについて書きました。（過去記事）

※今まではてなブログの方で投稿した記事を紹介しています。

春休みの英語の課題で、新型コロナウイルスについて日本とシンガポールの政策上の違いを書いてこいというものがありました。（途中から話がずれていますが..。）

既に様々なメディアで取り上げられていることかと思います。拙い文章ですが、暇なときに読んでみてください。

あくまで英語の課題としての文章ですので、正しい情報は厚生労働省等のページをご覧ください。

1. Japan and Singapore

The differences between the new coronavirus measures in Japan and Singapore are the financial strength and the speed of immigration control. I think that these differences came from the experience of SARS virus, in 2002. Then, WHO acknowledged the measures of Singapore government against the SARS virus, such as tracking influenced people, cooperating with public institutions, high quality of clinical tests and so on were very effective. I guess that Singapore is using their past experience now.

However, Japan and Singapore have many different elements, for example, population, population densities, size of country, education, insurance system and so on. So, it is not possible to give priority to measure by policies alone. I think that it is more important to consider what we should do now, and summarize current situation and challenging points of Japan, as follows.

 

Current status of new coronavirus
Articles which I checked show that coronavirus affects 15-20％ of the colds we usually catch. Scientists already founded 6 types of coronavirus like SARS, MARS and the new virus discovered at this time. As you know, we call it “new coronavirus” or “SARS-CoV-2”. It has a high affinity for the lungs and throat and can grow into the lower respiratory tract(下気道), which cannot be reached with a common cold. It is easy to spread, but there is age difference in the degree of danger.

Why it has deference between the danger in ordinary people and elderly or people with underlying diseases(基礎疾患) is not understood. According to the experts, the key is immunity (免疫). Diseases that affect children and adults, such as chicken pox （水疱瘡）and apple disease　（リンゴ病）, often involve immunity.

In fact, Japan is leading the way in therapeutic drug （治療薬）research. In addition, Japan's healthcare system is very high. Rather than making drugs from scratch, researchers are looking for existing drugs that work against the SARS-CoV-2. SARS converged relatively early in 2003, so there is less vaccine, but MARS are more helpful because there are still patients now. The new drug may be invented from MARS drug. Thanks to China, computer simulation system is developed. It said that the 3D structural analysis(3次元構造解析) of Protein(causes virus growth)have already finished. It is 100 times faster than the case of the new flu.

In the future, I think there will be routine vaccination vaccines like the flu. In fact, the SARS-CoV-2 is prone to errors and many mutations because its genome is related to RNA. However, the places attacked by the vaccine are less mutated than influenza viruses so it will be more effective. (Figure1)

Figure1

 

 

 How to protect ourselves?
Next, I want to think about how to protect our lives. The SARS-CoV-2 often transmitted by droplet (飛沫) or contact infection. Sneezes or talking will be dangerous. Also, we have to be careful when we touch handrails or door knobs. Guideline for the places where you should control to visit will be like this. 1st, where people gather. 2nd, where someone might fly the droplets. 3rd, where ventilations are poor. We can judge how these elements fit together.

 

For example,

Crowded train…not so danger. Because we don’t speak a lot.
Playground…no danger. Ventilations are good.
Tokyo Disneyland, Takarazuka…not so danger. Because just people pass each other, the infection rate is low. But we have to disinfect with alcohol where many people will grab or touch. And it is also important not to let infected people inside the park and theater.
Live house…Very danger. Many people, many droplets, no ventilations.
 

There is no age difference in the ease of infection, so it is possible that a child is infected with the virus outside and transfers it to a nearby grandpa without getting the disease. All age people have to be careful about it.

The SARS-CoV-2 is famous for its easy infection. Schools have been closed and many events, restaurants had to shut down. The mood of self-restraint is drifting in each country. How long will this situation continue as a national policy?

Currently, patients influenced by the SARS-CoV-2 are treated with medical equipment used for pneumonia(肺炎), such as a ventilator（人工呼吸器）. However, the number of equipment is limited. Probably, the countries with immigration restrictions are holding the peak. (Figure2)

 

Figure2

 
   
 

The current governments are delaying the increase in the number of infected people by immigration regulations as shown in the figure on the left. It does not change the number of people infected, but it can still stop medical collapse(医療崩壊).

Japan’s challenging point had revailed by this uproar
The decision that Japanese government made “closing the school” was good, I think. Some people use a lot of ingenuity to cast doubt on the policy, but most of these opinions doesn’t make sense. Many medias, like TV and net articles didn’t tell the accurate information this time too (For example, last time was the problem of breast cancer).

Nevertheless, some professors were tweeting that pandemic will occur soon, and some TV programs were broadcasting expert’s information from January. Thanks to them, advanced school could prepare homework just in case the school will closed, and as soon as special holiday is decided, 数研Publish started a visual education of mathematics. Somebody said, “Hey, this is the place everyone!! Truancy(ズル休み)with no caution!” Not to here, it’s me.

We had plenty of time to estimate this uproar, and get ready for it.

However, not less people couldn’t prepare well. Some company were unfamiliar to remote work, and some people were fooled by fake information. WHO didn’t use the word “pandemic”, at first. They use “infodemic”, the meaning information is infected. There were many problems, but from the point of view of the ordinary people, I think the information is one of the big issues.

      Back to the figure2, I think this the SARS-CoV-2 will may drag on. This is the first time for us to face such a big problem with SNS or a lot of fake ideas. Whether country or WHO declared the end of it, or the time society accepted (like the flu) will be the definition of convergence. The important thing is to be “come down”. Which is neither good or bad, Japanese people are used to disasters. I feel that the number of people who responds too much are decreasing. I want to practice to think about my own countermeasures.

Y-designに来てくださり、ありがとうございます。

英語の文章も、少しずつ練習しているので機会があったら投稿していきます。