ビジネス系学術論文サーチメモ①：自動車業界／EV関連
これからTESLAのケーススタディを行うことになったため、自動車業界関連の学術論文をサーチして、自分が気になったものをピックアップして斜め読みしました。その感想を記します。完全に自分用のメモです。
＜サーチ内容＞
・利用サービス：Web of Science
・検索キーワード：automobile industry、automotive industry、electric vehicle*、Tesla、Elon Musk
・期間：2018年〜
・検索分野：Management、Operations Research Management Science
・よく見かけたテーマ：Industry 4.0、Sustainability、Supply Chain Management
The evolution of production systems from Industry 2.0 through Industry 4.0 (被引用数212)
Yin, Y; Stecke, KE and Li, DN
2018 | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH 56 (1-2) , pp.848-861
This paper discusses production systems with a focus on the relationships between product supply and customer demand in the context of Industry 2.0-4.0. One driver of production evolution is changes in customer demand over time, which is categorised into several dimensions. Major production systems - flow line, Toyota production system (TPS), job shop, cell, flexible manufacturing system and seru - have been developed and applied to supplies to match different demand dimensions over time. For each production system, two questions are addressed: what and how. Comparisons between seru with TPS and cell are given. The possibilities of a future smart factory equipped with internet of things are discussed. The demand dimensions of Industry 4.0, the product architecture change in the automobile industry and the impact of 3D printing are elaborated. Potential applications of lean and seru principles for Industry 4.0 are presented.
※IoTの普及によってもたらされたBig Data、それを処理するコンピューターの発展、AI、3D Printingの普及などといったIndustry 4.0の時代の中で生まれる製品を製造するシステムは、どういったものが適しているのか？を論じた論文。Industry 1.0 (クラフツマンが手で製品を作っていた時代)からIndustry 4.0までの変遷を振り返っている。学術論文らしく明確な答えはないものの、Lean Production Systemがそれなのではないかと示唆している。でも個人的には、どうなのかなぁ。理屈としては3D Printingが普及すれば、大量製造・販売のモデルが崩れるのは分かるのだけど、3D Printingが普及する兆しが中々見えないような気がするのだよなぁ。Industry 4.0や3D Printingは深堀してみても良いのかもしれない。
Digitalization and its influence on business model innovation (被引用数140)
Rachinger, M; Rauter, R; (...); Schirgi, E
Dec 9 2019 | JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT 30 (8) , pp.1143-1160
Purpose: Increased digitalization has influenced various business activities including companies' business models (BMs) by enabling various new forms of cooperation between companies and leading to new product and service offerings as well as new forms of company relationships with customers and employees. At the same time, this digitalization has put pressure on companies to reflect on their current strategy and explore new business opportunities systematically and at early stages. While research on digitalization in the context of BMs is now gaining increased attention, a research gap still exists in this field since the number of empirical insights is limited. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative empirical data collected from 12 key informants working in two distinctive industries, the media and automotive industries, were collected. An investigation was carried out to examine the differences and similarities among how digitalization influences a company's value creation, proposition and capture, as well as how firms cope with challenges presented by increased digitalization.
Findings: The findings of the study show that, whilst digitalization is generally considered to be important, the value proposition itself as also the position in the value network determine the perceived available options for business model innovation (BMI) by digitalization. Moreover, the organizational capacities and employee competences were identified as future challenges that will be faced by both industries.
Originality/value: The findings of this study have revealed that representatives of the media and automotive industries perceive both the pressures and opportunities of digitalization regarding BMI; its application and exploitation, however, remain challenging. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical insights in the context of digitalization and BMI.
※デジタル化によって旧来の企業がビジネスモデル変革にどう取り組んでいるかについて、自動車業界とメディア企業を題材に調査。結果は「みんな変化に対応しないといけないとは思っているが、中々動けていない」というもの。正直、当たり前だのクラッカー…。
Consumer motivations for sustainable consumption: The interaction of gain, normative and hedonic motivations on electric vehicle adoption (被引用数43)
Rezvani, Z; Jansson, J and Bengtsson, M
Dec 2018 | BUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT 27 (8) , pp.1272-1283
Recent conceptual studies identify gain, normative and hedonic factors as three categories of motivations of consumer proenvironmental behavior. However, empirical understanding of how these motivations interact and affect proenvironmental behavior is limited. This study is based on a survey of car owners in Sweden (N = 573) and uses structural equation modeling to analyze the data. The empirical findings point to the importance of all three motivations (gain, normative and hedonic) in consumer electric vehicle adoption intentions. Furthermore, for consumers who perceive high social norms regarding sustainable consumption, the direct effect of hedonic motivations on behavioral intention is stronger, and the direct effect of gain motivations is insignificant. The business strategy implications indicate that targeting consumers who perceive high social norms in relation to proenvironmental behavior and communicating the hedonic and normative aspects of proenvironmental behaviors to this group might be more effective than general mass communication.
※これまで消費者が環境に良い製品を購入する動機としては、①自分が得をするから（gain）、②社会的に求められているから（normative）、③そういうものを購入すること自体が気持ち良いから（hedonic）、の3つがあるとされてきた。本論文では、スウェーデンの消費者を調査した結果、サステナブルな消費に社会的意義を感じている人は、EVを購入すること自体が気持ち良いと思っていることが分かった。これらの人はEVから自分が得られるものは気にしていない。超面白い…。SDGsみたいなことをこんな風に斜に構えて研究している人がいるとは…。でも確かに、なぜエコの製品を買うかって言えば、「そういう製品を買っている自分ってイケてる」と思いたい部分は大きいんだと思う。
Technology-push and demand-pull factors in emerging sectors: evidence from the electric vehicle market (被引用数35)
Choi, H
2018 | INDUSTRY AND INNOVATION 25 (7) , pp.655-674
Despite consensus on the mutual dependence of the technology-push and demand-pull factors, their interactions can depend on industry life cycles and domestic market status. Using patent and Google search traffic data, this study brings robust evidence supporting the hypothesis that technology development occurs ahead of market demand in the U.S. electric vehicle sector, while this is not the case in Germany. Market demand does not precede technology development in either country. This shows the importance of the technology-push factor and the role of the lead market in the electric vehicle sector. This study elaborates technology-push and demand-pull hypotheses with a focus on industry life cycles and domestic market status and contributes to the discussion on technology-push, demand-pull and mixed policies in emerging sectors.
※私がアクセスできるDBでは全文が読めなかったのだけど、要旨を読むに、テクノロジーが消費需要を喚起することはあれど、逆はないという指摘。確かに表層的にはそうなのかもしれないが、テクノロジーを開発する時は、漠としていたとしても、何らかの需要を想定してスタートするのだろうから、需要が先に来るのではないかなという気が私はします。ただ、この卵が先か、鶏が先かの議論は多少面白い。
Strategic green technology innovation in a two-stage alliance: Vertical collaboration or co-development? (被引用数32)
Jan 2021 | OMEGA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 98
Given the increased awareness of the need for environmental protection, developing and selling new energy vehicles has gradually become the primary trend in the automobile industry. Collaborating with battery manufacturers to develop new energy vehicles at a lower cost and with better performance is key for automobile manufacturers to maintain their dominant position. We examine a research and development (R&D) collaboration alliance, consisting of an R&D phase and a sales phase, between an automobile manufacturer (the marketer) and a battery manufacturer (the innovator) to develop and bring an innovative green technology to market. This paper investigates four types of R&D collaboration contracts with different payments: vertical R&D collaboration contracts with either a revenue-sharing payment (Case VR) or a fixed payment (Case VF) and co-development contracts in which either the marketer operates the sales phase (Case CM) or the innovator operates the sales phase (Case CI). Our analysis reveals that no contract is always the best choice from the marketer's perspective. Specifically, the contract preferred by the marketer depends on the trade-off between the R&D efficiency and the sales efficiency of the marketer and the innovator, respectively. Interestingly, becoming involved in the R&D phase is not always in the marketer's best interest, i.e., the marketer does not always prefer the co-development contract. Counterintuitively, we find that the marketer does not always choose to sell the green product, even when its marketing efficiency is high. Furthermore, under certain circumstances, it is more advantageous for the marketer to propose that the innovator sell the green product rather than doing so itself. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
※私は自動車会社に勤めているので、「バッテリー開発のR＆Dフェーズに参加することは、必ずしも自動車会社の関心事ではない」とか「マーケティングの効果があったとしても、自動車会社はいつでも環境にやさしい製品を売る選択をするわけではない」とかは、体感として確かにある…。誤解を恐れずに言えば、自動車会社は車を１台でも多く、１台でも高く売りたいわけです。それをどう作るか、それが環境に優しいかは正直二の次なわけで。彼らもビジネスですので…。学者の方々にはそういう事実は新鮮に映るのかな…？
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