World Bullying Prevention Month™ – 世界いじめ防止月間
１０月、アメリカではいじめ防止キャンペーンが活発に行われます。民間組織の旗振りにより、３日は「いじめ防止の日」、第３または第４水曜日は「連帯の日」として広く知れ渡るようなり、１０月を「世界いじめ防止月間」とする啓蒙活動も拡大しています。
その動きに合わせ、いじめ防止について文章をまとめてみました。いじめといじめ防止にまつわる英語表現を鏤めてあります。
Language Focus
文中に登場する順に重要語を並べています。まずはさらっと目を通して本文に移り、文脈に沿ってそれぞれの言葉を味わってみてください。
bully (plural bullies)
いじめっ子
学校にいるいじめっ子を a school bully、会社なら an office bully と呼んだりします。
make fun of sb/sth
〈人・物事〉を嘲って笑い物にする
give sb a hard time
わざと〈人〉を苦しめる・辛い目に遭わせる
humiliation
屈辱、恥をかかせる（かく）こと
take a stand against sb/sth
〈人・物事〉に抵抗する
take a stand だけだと「立場を取る」という意味合いなので、守る側に回るなら take a stand for sb となります。
PInk Shirt Day
ピンクシャツデー
後に本文で触れる、カナダで起こったピンクのシャツを着ていじめに反対する姿勢を示す運動に由来する祝祭日。世界中の多くの国々で認知されており、日付にはばらつきがある。 2012年、国連は公式日を5月4日と宣言した。発祥地カナダでは2月27日に行われ、国際的なピンクの日（International Day of Pink ）も別の日に祝われる。
educate and raise awareness of sth
〜について啓蒙する
ちょっと長いですが、日本語で言うところの「啓蒙する」と最も合致する表現ではないかと思います。
unity
結束、調和
kindness
慈愛、思いやり
「やさしさ」と訳されることも多い語ですが、決して「甘やかし」ではなく、慈しみ思いやる心と。
acceptance
違いを受け入れる、心を広く持つこと
inclusion
機会の平等が担保されていること、融和
haze sb
（洗礼として）〈新入りなど〉をいじめる
いわゆる「かわいがり」とか呼ばれる行為ですね。
abuse
罵り、悪口、雑言、悪態
これは［役者］ですが、同じ綴りで「〈人〉を罵る・に悪態をつく」という［矢印］にもなります。
adolescent
思春期に特有の
make threats (against sb)
（〜を）脅迫する・脅す
spread rumours
噂を流す・広める
attacking sb physically or verbally
〈人〉へ肉体的にあるいは言葉による危害を加える
exclude sb
〈人〉を排除する・締め出す
cyberbullying
（メールやSNSを通じた）ネットいじめ
embarrassing
恥ずかしい、不快にさせるような、困惑させるような
fake profiles
（人の素性・人柄などに関する）偽情報・がせねた
aggressive behavior
攻撃的・粗暴な振る舞い
pick on sb
人〉をいじめる・に悪態をつく／きつい物言いをする
discriminate against sb
〈人〉を差別する・差別的に待遇する
consequences of sth
〈物事〉がもたらす／行き着く結果、〜の成り行き
bullycide
いじめに苦しみ追い詰められての自殺
bully + suicide の新語。
vigilance
警戒、用心、細かに考えを巡らせるべきこと
tease sb
〈人〉をからかう・冷やかす
damaging
有害な、傷つけるような
malicious
悪意／敵意のある
stand up and do sth
（ためらう気持ちを乗り越え）強い気持ちで〜する
「重い腰を上げて臨む」というイメージの表現ですね。
offender
問題児、他社の人権や人生を侵害する人
bystander
傍観者、見物人、無関係を装う人
stomp sth ↔︎ out
（悪習など）を根絶する
Full Text
Recent History of Anti-Bullying
反いじめの現代史
On the first day of school in 2007, a Grade 9 boy turned up in school in Cambridge, Nova Scotia with a pink polo shirt on. It took almost no time for a band of bullies to notice the unique colour of his top. Straight way, they started making fun of it and giving Jadrien a hard time.
Then two boys, namely David Shepherd and Travis Price, saw the humiliation and thought they had simply had enough. After school they purchased 50 pink shirts and handed them out at school the next day, encouraging everyone to take a stand against bullying.
Their manoeuvre soon got a lot of attention and started to spread around the world. That year, Nova Scotia Premier Rodney MacDonald proclaimed the second Thursday of September (aligning with the start of each school year) as “Stand Up Against Bullying Day” in recognition of these events. In 2008 Gordon Campbell, the Premier of British Columbia, proclaimed February 27 to be the provincial Anti-Bullying Day. In 2009, the Boys & Girls Clubs of Canada worked on pink t-shirts that say “Bullying Stops Here.” and “Pink Shirt Day” for Anti-Bullying Day. In May 2009, New Zealand celebrated its first Pink Shirt Day. It kept spreading until 2012, when the United Nations took this celebration and pushed it one step further, turning it into an Anti-Bullying campaign on a global scale.
In the United States, such movements kicked off even earlier. PACER’s National Bullying Prevention Center, originally created by parents of children and youth with disabilities to help other parents and families facing similar challenges, founded a campaign called National Bullying Prevention Month in 2006. The campaign is held during the month of October and unites communities nationwide to educate and raise awareness of bullying prevention. Initially held the first week in October, the event was expanded in 2010 to the entire month. STOMP Out Bullying™, the US’s leading anti-bullying organization founded in 2005, declared the first Monday of October World Day of Bullying prevention and celebrates the whole October as World Bullying Prevention Month™. The former encourages wearing and sharing orange whilst the latter promotes blue, both of which are intended to show unity for kindness, acceptance, and inclusion, and to make a visible statement against bullying.
Stomp Out Bullying
いじめを蹴散らそう
Bullying has existed probably as long as the human history and has still been a growing problem in schools, especially in past years. While some consider hazing and the abuse that some children take in school to be a typical part of the adolescent experience, rising suicide rates and violence in school has led officials to start taking a hard, zero-tolerance stance on bullying.
Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumours, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose. Bullying can also take place through technology, known as cyberbullying. Examples of cyberbullying include mean text messages or emails, rumours sent by email or posted on social networking sites, and embarrassing pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles.
There are many other types of aggressive behavior that don’t fit the general definition of bullying. This does not mean that they are any less serious or require less attention.
If you are picked on or discriminated against in any manner in school, college, or even adult years, attention has got to be brought to your plight. Awareness should be raised of the serious consequences of bullying. Many studies have proven that bullying may cause physical changes in the brain and increase the chance of mental illness and even leads to suicide at worst. The term to describe this is “bullycide“, wherein someone who is bullied commits suicide as a result.
Taking a stand against bullying is, in part, an act of vigilance that starts at home. Think about the behaviours you engage in and the light-hearted teasing you do with your co-workers, classmates, and friends. What you see as harmless may quite possibly be perceived as a damaging and malicious act.
The point of bullying prevention is to transform a society that accepts bullying into a society that recognizes that bullying must – and can – be addressed through education and support.
Do you take any notice of bullying going on around you? Then, imagine what can happen as a result of bullying and be sure to really show the victims that you care. Stand up and tell the offender to stop and be a champion for the person being bullied. Ask experts for help if the situation is difficult for you to deal with. Be more than a bystander. Bullying IS a serious issue, and World Bullying Prevention Month is our opportunity to take a stand against it and stomp it out.
References
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