地域別世界遺産一覧⑪-南東欧諸国編
地域別世界遺産一覧では、1,223件の世界遺産を紹介します。
1.はじめに
1-1.概要: Summary
・南東欧諸国編では、43件の世界遺産を紹介します。
・掲載国は、ギリシャ、キプロス、ブルガリア、ルーマニアの4か国です。
1-2.世界遺産の分類について: Category of Sites
・C [🟡]: 文化遺産 / Cultural Site
・N [🟢]: 自然遺産 / Natural Site
・M [🔵]: 複合遺産 / Mixed Site
・D [🔴]: 危機遺産 / Danger Site
・E [🟣]: 抹消遺産 / Delisted Site
・TP: 越境遺産 / Transboundary Property
1-3.用語の説明: Description
・Date: 世界遺産登録年 / Date of Inscription
・Ref: 登録番号 / Reference Number
・Type: 分類 / Category of Site
・Criteria: 登録基準 / Selection Criteria
2.世界遺産一覧 [43]
2-1.ギリシャ: Greece [19]
2-11.ギリシャ北部: Northern Greece [5]
2-111.東マケドニア・トラキア地方: Eastern Macedonia and Thrace [1]
☑️フィリピの古代遺跡: Archaeological Site of Philippi
→ Date: 2016 / Ref: 1,517 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: カヴァラ県 [Kavala, Regional unit of Kavala]
2-112.中央マケドニア地方: Central Macedonia [2]
☑️テッサロニキにおける初期キリスト教とビザンティン様式の建造物群: Paleochristian and Byzantine Monuments of Thessalonika
→ Date: 1988 / Ref: 456 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: テッサロニキ県 [Thessaloniki, Regional unit of Thessaloniki]
①市壁群: City Walls
②ロトンダ: Rotunda
③アケイロ・ポイエートス聖堂: Church of Acheiropoietos
④アギオス・ディミトリオス聖堂: Church of St. Demetrios
⑤ラトモス修道院: Latomou Monastery
⑥アギア・ソフィア聖堂: Church of St. Sophia
⑦パナギア・ハルケオン聖堂: Church of Panagia Chalkeon
⑧アギオス・パンテレイモン聖堂: Church of St. Panteleimon
⑨アギイ・アポストリ聖堂: Church of the Holy Apostles
⑩アギオス・ニコラス・オルファノス聖堂: Church of St. Nicholas Orphanos
⑪アギア・カタリナ聖堂: Church of St. Catherine
⑫救世主キリスト聖堂: Church of Christ Saviour
⑬ブラタデス修道院: Blatades Monastery
⑭預言者エリヤ聖堂: Church of Prophet Elijah
⑮ビザンティン浴場: Byzantine Bath
☑️アイガイの古代遺跡(現ヴェルギナ): Archaeological Site of Aigai (modern name Vergina)
→ Date: 1996 / Ref: 780 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅲ)
→ Location: イマティア県 [Veria, Imathia]
①エゲの古代都市と墓地遺跡: Ancient City and Necropolis of Aegae
②青銅器時代の居住地と墳丘墓: Bronze Age Settlement and Cemetery of Tumuli
2-113.アトス自治修道士共和国: Monastic Republic of Mount Athos [1]
☑️アトス山: Mount Athos
→ Date: 1988 / Ref: 454 / Type: M [🔵]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅳ), (ⅴ), (ⅵ), (ⅶ)
→ Location: アトス山 [Mt. Athos]
2-114.西マケドニア地方: Western Macedonia [0]
・該当なし
2-115.イピロス地方: Epirus [1]
☑️ザゴリの文化的景観: Zagori Cultural Landscape
→ Date: 2023 / Ref: 1,695 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅴ)
→ Location: ヨアニナ県 [Zagori, Ioannina]
2-12.ギリシャ中部: Central Greece [9]
2-121.テッサリア地方: Thessaly [1]
☑️メテオラ: Meteora
→ Date: 1988 / Ref: 455 / Type: M [🔵]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅳ), (ⅴ), (ⅶ)
→ Location: トリカラ県 [Meteora, Trikala]
2-122.中央ギリシャ地方: Central Greece [1]
☑️デルフィの古代遺跡: Archaeological Site of Delphi
→ Date: 1987 / Ref: 393 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ), (ⅵ)
→ Location: フォキダ県 [Delphi, Phocis]
2-123.イオニア諸島地方: Ionian Islands [1]
☑️ケルキラ旧市街: Old Town of Corfu
→ Date: 2007 / Ref: 978 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅳ)
→ Location: ケルキラ県 [Central Corfu and Diapontia Islands, Corfu]
2-124.西ギリシャ地方: Western Greece [1]
☑️オリンピアの古代遺跡: Archaeological Site of Olympia
→ Date: 1989 / Ref: 517 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ), (ⅵ)
→ Location: イリア県 [Ancient Olympia, Elis]
2-125.ペロポネソス地方: Peloponnese [4]
☑️バッサイのアポロ・エピクリオス神殿: Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae
→ Date: 1986 / Ref: 392 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅲ)
→ Location: メッシニア県 [Oichalia, Messenia]
☑️アスクレピオスの聖地エピダウロス: Sanctuary of Asklepios at Epidaurus
→ Date: 1988 / Ref: 491 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ), (ⅵ)
→ Location: アルゴリス県 [Epidaurus, Argolis]
☑️ミストラスの古代遺跡: Archaeological Site of Mystras
→ Date: 1989 / Ref: 511 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: ラコニア県 [Sparta, Laconia]
☑️ミケーネとティリンスの古代遺跡群: Archaeological Sites of Mycenae and Tiryns
→ Date: 1999 / Ref: 941 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ), (ⅵ)
→ Location: アルゴリス県 [Argolis]
①ミケーネの古代遺跡: Archaeological Site of Mycenae [Argos-Mykines]
②ティリンスの古代遺跡: Archaeological Site of Tiryns [Nafplio]
2-126.アッティカ地方: Attica [1]
☑️アテネ - アクロポリス: Acropolis, Athens
→ Date: 1987 / Ref: 404 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ), (ⅵ)
→ Location: 中央アテネ県 [Athens, Central Athens]
2-13.エーゲ海諸島: Aegean Islands [4]
2-131.北エーゲ地方: North Aegean [1]
☑️サモス島のピタゴリオとヘーラー神殿: Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos
→ Date: 1992 / Ref: 595 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ)
→ Location: サモス県 [East Samos, Samos]
①ピタゴリオ: Pythagoreion
②ヘーラー神殿: Heraion
2-132.南エーゲ地方: South Aegean [3]
☑️ロードスの中世都市: Medieval City of Rhodes
→ Date: 1988 / Ref: 493 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅳ), (ⅴ)
→ Location: ロードス県 [Rhodes, Regional unit of Rhodes, Dodecanese]
☑️デロス島: Delos
→ Date: 1990 / Ref: 530 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ), (ⅵ)
→ Location: ミコノス県 [Mykonos, Regional unit of Mykonos, Cyclades]
☑️パトモス島の歴史地区(ホーラ) - 神学者聖ヨハネ修道院と黙示録の洞窟: The Historic Centre (Chorá) with the Monastery of Saint-John the Theologian and the Cave of the Apocalypse on the Island of Pátmos
→ Date: 1999 / Ref: 942 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅲ), (ⅳ), (ⅵ)
→ Location: カリムノス県 [Patmos, Kalymnos, Dodecanese]
2-133.クレタ地方: Crete [0]
・該当なし
2-14.ギリシャ全域: The whole of Greece [1]
2-141.ギリシャ広域エリア: Multiple Areas of Greece [1]
☑️ダフニ修道院とオシオス・ルカス修道院及びヒオス島のネア・モニ修道院: Monasteries of Daphni, Hosios Loukas and Nea Moni of Chios
→ Date: 1990 / Ref: 537 / Type:C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: Several Regions
①ダフニ修道院: Monastery of Daphni [Haidari, Western Athens, Attica]
②オシオス・ルカス修道院: Monastery of Hosios Loukas [Distomo-Arachova-Antikyra, Boeotia, Central Greece]
③ヒオス島のネア・モニ修道院: Monastery of Nea Moni of Chios [Chios, Regional unit of Chios, North Aegean]
2-2.キプロス: Cyprus [3]
2-21.キプロス: Cyprus [3]
☑️パフォス: Paphos
→ Date: 1980 / Ref: 79 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅲ), (ⅵ)
→ Location: パフォス地区 [Several Settlements, Paphos]
①カト・パフォスのネア・パフォス古代遺跡群(アフロディーテの聖都): Ancient Remains of Nea Paphos (Aphrodite's Sacred City) at Kato Paphos [Paphos]
②カト・パフォスの墓地遺跡(王家の墓): Kato Paphos Necropolis (Tombs of the Kings) [〃]
③クークリア村のアフロディーテ聖域とパレオパフォス(旧パフォス): Aphrodite's Sanctuary and Palaepaphos (Old Paphos) at Kouklia Village [Kouklia]
☑️トロードス地方の壁画教会群: Painted Churches in the Troodos Region
→ Date: 1985 / Ref: 351 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: Several Districts
①アギオス・ニコラオス・ティス・ステギス(屋根の聖ニコラス)教会: Church of Agios Nikolaos tis Stegis (St. Nicholas of the Roof) [Kakopetria, Nicosia]
②アギオス・イオアニス・ランパディスティス修道院: Monastery of Agios Ioannis Lampadistis [Kalopanagiotis, Nicosia]
③パナギア・アシヌ教会: Church of Panagia Asinou [Nikitari, Nicosia]
④パナギア・トゥ・アラカ教会: Church of Panagia tou Araka [Lagoudera, Nicosia]
⑤パナギア・トゥ・ムトゥラ教会: Church of Panagia tou Moutoulla [Moutoullas, Nicosia]
⑥アルハンゲロス・ミハイル教会: Church of Archangelos Michael [Pedoulas, Nicosia]
⑦ティモス・スタヴロス(聖十字)教会: Church of Timios Stavros (Holy Cross) [Pelendri, Limassol]
⑧パナギア・ポディトゥ教会: Church of Panagia Podithou [Galata, Nicosia]
⑨スタヴロス(聖十字)・トゥ・アギアスマティ教会: Church of Stavros (Holy Cross) tou Agiasmati [Platanistasa, Nicosia]
⑩メタモルフォシス・トゥ・ソティロス(救世主顕栄)教会: Church of Metamorfosis tou Sotiros (Transfiguration of the Savior) [Palaichori, Nicosia]
☑️ヒロキティア: Choirokoitia
→ Date: 1998 / Ref: 848 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: ラルナカ地区 [Choirokoitia, Larnaca]
2-22.北キプロス: Northern Cyprus [0]
・該当なし
2-3.ブルガリア: Bulgaria [10]
2-31.ブルガリア南西部: South-Western Bulgaria [3]
☑️ボヤナ教会: Boyana Church
→ Date: 1979 / Ref: 42 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ)
→ Location: ソフィア市 [Vitosha, Sofia City]
☑️ピリン国立公園: Pirin National Park
→ Date: 1983 / Ref: 225 / Type: N [🟢]
→ Criteria: (ⅶ), (ⅷ), (ⅸ)
→ Location: ブラゴエヴグラト州 [Several Municipalities, Blagoevgrad]
☑️リラ修道院: Rila Monastery
→ Date: 1983 / Ref: 216 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅵ)
→ Location: キュステンディル州 [Rila, Kyustendil]
①リラ修道院複合施設: Rila Monastery Complex
②オルリツァ修道院: Orlitsa Convent
③プチェリノ修道院: Pchelino Convent
④聖ルカ庵: St. Luke Hermitage
⑤聖イヴァン・リルスキーの墓所: Grave of St. Ivan Rilski
2-32.ブルガリア南中部: South-Central Bulgaria [0]
・該当なし
2-33.ブルガリア南東部: South-Eastern Bulgaria [2]
☑️カザンラクにおけるトラキア人の墳墓: Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak
→ Date: 1979 / Ref: 44 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: スタラ・ザゴラ州 [Kazanlak, Stara Zagora]
☑️古都ネセバル: Ancient City of Nessebar
→ Date: 1983 / Ref: 217 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: ブルガス州 [Nesebar, Burgas]
2-34.ブルガリア北東部: North-Eastern Bulgaria [1]
☑️マダラの騎士像: Madara Rider
→ Date: 1979 / Ref: 43 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅲ)
→ Location: シュメン州 [Shumen, Shumen Province]
2-35.ブルガリア北中部: North-Central Bulgaria [3]
☑️イヴァノヴォの岩窟教会群: Rock-Hewn Churches of Ivanovo
→ Date: 1979 / Ref: 45 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ)
→ Location: ルセ州 [Ivanovo, Ruse]
☑️スレバルナ自然保護区: Srebarna Nature Reserve
→ Date: 1983 / Ref: 219 / Type: N [🟢]
→ Criteria: (ⅹ)
→ Location: シリストラ州 [Silistra, Silistra Province]
☑️スヴェシュタリにおけるトラキア人の墳墓: Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari
→ Date: 1985 / Ref: 359 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅲ)
→ Location: ラズグラト州 [Isperih, Razgrad]
2-36.ブルガリア北西部: North-Western Bulgaria [0]
・該当なし
2-37.ブルガリア広域エリア: Multiple Areas of Bulgaria [1]
☑️カルパティア山脈とヨーロッパ各地の古代・原生ブナ林群: Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe *
→ Date: 2007 / Ref: 1,133 / Type: N [🟢]
→ Criteria: (ⅸ)
→ Location: Several Provinces
※ TP: (AL, AT, BE, BA, BG, HR, CZ, FR, DE, IT, MK, PL, RO, SK, SI, ES, CH, UA)
2-4.ルーマニア: Romania [11]
2-41.ルーマニア北西部: North-Western Romania [2]
☑️マラムレシュ地方の木造教会群: Wooden Churches of Maramureş
→ Date: 1999 / Ref: 904 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅳ)
→ Location: マラムレシュ県 [Maramureș]
①ブルサナの生神女進殿教会: Church of the Presentation of the Virgin at the Temple in Bârsana [Bârsana]
②ブデシュティ・ジョサニの聖ニコラス教会: Church of St. Nicholas in Budești Josani [Budești]
③デセシュティの聖パラスケヴァ教会: Church of the Holy Parascheva in Desești [Desești]
④イエウドの生神女誕生教会: Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in Ieud [Ieud]
⑤プロピシュの聖諸大天使教会: Church of the Holy Archangels in Plopiș [Șișești]
⑥ポイエニレ・イゼイの聖パラスケヴァ教会: Church of the Holy Parascheva in Poienile Izei [Poienile Izei]
⑦ロゴスの聖諸大天使教会: Church of the Holy Archangels in Rogoz [Târgu Lăpuș]
⑧シュルデシュティの聖諸大天使教会: Church of the Holy Archangels in Șurdești [Șișești]
☑️ローマ帝国の国境線 - ダキア: Frontiers of the Roman Empire - Dacia
→ Date: 2024 / Ref: 1,718 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: サラージュ県 [Mirșid, Sǎlaj]
2-42.ルーマニア中部: Central Romania [3]
☑️トランシルヴァニア地方の要塞教会を有する村落群: Villages with Fortified Churches in Transylvania
→ Date: 1993 / Ref: 596 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅳ)
→ Location: Several Counties
①ビエルタン要塞教会: Biertan Fortified Church [Biertan, Sibiu]
②プレジュメル(タルトラウ)要塞教会: Prejmer (Tartlau) Fortified Church [Prejmer, Brașov]
③ヴィスクリ要塞教会: Viscri Fortified Church [Bunești, Brașov]
④ドゥルジウ要塞教会: Dârjiu Fortified Church [Dârjiu, Harghita]
⑤サスキズ要塞教会: Saschiz Fortified Church [Saschiz, Mureș]
⑥クルニク要塞教会: Câlnic Fortified Church [Câlnic, Alba]
⑦ヴァレア・ヴィイロル(ワームロフ)要塞教会: Valea Viilor (Wurmloch) Fortified Church [Valea Viilor, Sibiu]
☑️シギショアラ歴史地区: Historic Centre of Sighişoara
→ Date: 1999 / Ref: 902 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅲ), (ⅴ)
→ Location: ムレシュ県 [Sighișoara, Mureș]
☑️ロシア・モンタナの鉱山景観: Roșia Montană Mining Landscape
→ Date: 2021 / Ref: 1,552 / Type: D [🔴]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: アルバ県 [Roșia Montană, Alba]
2-43.ルーマニア北東部: North-Eastern Romania [1]
☑️モルダヴィア地方の教会群: Churches of Moldavia
→ Date: 1993 / Ref: 598 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: スチャヴァ県 [Suceava]
①アルボレ教会: Arbore Church [Arbore]
②フモール修道院: Humor Monastery [Mănăstirea Humorului]
③モルドヴィツァ修道院: Moldovița Monastery [Vatra Moldoviței]
④パトラウツィ教会: Pătrăuți Church [Pătrăuți]
⑤プロボタ修道院: Probota Monastery [Dolhasca]
⑥聖ギオルギ教会 / 聖ヨハネ新修道院: St. George's Church / St. John the New Monastery [Suceava]
⑦ヴォロネツ修道院: Voroneț Monastery [Gura Humorului]
⑧スチェヴィツァ修道院: Sucevița Monastery [Sucevița]
2-44.ルーマニア南東部: South-Eastern Romania [1]
☑️ドナウ・デルタ: Danube Delta
→ Date: 1991 / Ref: 588 / Type: N [🟢]
→ Criteria: (ⅶ), (ⅹ)
→ Location: トゥルチャ県 [Many Admin. Divisions, Tulcea]
2-45.南部=ムンテニア地方: Southern-Muntenia [0]
・該当なし
2-46.ブカレスト=イルフォヴ地方: Bucharest-Ilfov [0]
・該当なし
2-47.南西部・オルテニア地方: South-Western Oltenia [2]
☑️ホレズ修道院: Monastery of Horezu
→ Date: 1993 / Ref: 597 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ)
→ Location: ヴルチャ県 [Horezu, Vâlcea]
☑️トゥルグ・ジウにおけるブランクーシの記念作品群: Brâncuși Monumental Ensemble of Târgu Jiu
→ Date: 2024 / Ref: 1,473 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅰ), (ⅱ)
→ Location: ゴルジュ県 [Târgu Jiu, Gorj]
2-48.ルーマニア西部: Western Romania [0]
・該当なし
2-49.ルーマニア広域エリア: Multiple Areas of Romania [2]
☑️オラシュチエ山脈におけるダキア人の要塞群: Dacian Fortresses of the Orastie Mountains
→ Date: 1999 / Ref: 906 / Type: C [🟡]
→ Criteria: (ⅱ), (ⅲ), (ⅳ)
→ Location: Several Counties
①サルミゼゲトゥサ: Sarmizegetusa [Orăștioara de Sus, Hunedoara]
②コステシュティ=チェタツヤ: Costești-Cetățuie [〃]
③コステシュティ=ブリダル: Costești-Blidaru [〃]
④ルンカニ=ピアトラ・ロシエ: Luncani-Piatra Roșie [Boșorod, Hunedoara]
⑤バニツァ: Bănița [Bănița, Hunedoara]
⑥カプルナ: Căpâlna [Săsciori, Alba]
☑️カルパティア山脈とヨーロッパ各地の古代・原生ブナ林群: Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe *
→ Date: 2007 / Ref: 1,133 / Type: N [🟢]
→ Criteria: (ⅸ)
→ Location: Several Counties
※ TP: (AL, AT, BE, BA, BG, HR, CZ, FR, DE, IT, MK, PL, RO, SK, SI, ES, CH, UA)
3.おわりに
・南東欧諸国には2024年8月7日現在、43件の世界遺産があります。内訳としては、総数43(文化遺産35、自然遺産5、複合遺産2、危機遺産1)となります。
・ギリシャ:総数19(文化遺産17、複合遺産2)
・キプロス:総数3(文化遺産3)
・ブルガリア:総数10(文化遺産7、自然遺産3)
・ルーマニア:総数11(文化遺産8、自然遺産2、危機遺産1)
・アステリスク(*)は、越境遺産であることを示しています。
・最後までご覧いただきありがとうございました。
4.参考サイト
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