あなたは英語上級者？ 試してみましょう！
～目次～
・YouTube リスニング強化 動画
・リスニングの台本
・リスニングの設問
・単語
・設問の答え
Hello! デイナです。☺
こういう人です ↓
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/danasensei_eikaiwa/
今日は、YouTubeを始めた時に載せた、
英語リスニングの練習動画の
台本を公開します！
ニュースに出ていた留学生関連のトピックです。
あなたには聞き取れるかな？↓
youtube.com/watch?v=EHxALMwLyvY
是非、以下の台本を見る前に一度
（いや、効果が出るには2~3度だなー）
上記動画を見て、設問に答えてみてください！
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 台本 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
U.S. International Student News | The U.S.: No Longer a “Melting Pot” or “Salad Bowl” with ICE’s New Legislation Making International Students Feel Unwelcome
Despite the United States having been the dream country for many immigrants, time and time again have they been proven wrong by the U.S. government’s unfair immigration policies and treatment towards visa holders. Many people are familiar with the metaphor of the United States as a “melting pot” of cultures, where immigrants who came to the U.S. assimilated into American culture, thus creating a blend of various cultures (Penn State). Over time, another view, that of the “salad bowl” metaphor, gained traction as people began to assert that these immigrants’ cultures blended with one another and with American culture, while each group still maintained their own cultural identity (Penn State). Therefore, the various cultures are mixed together like a salad, where their cultures still remain separate, unique pieces within the mix.
An article by the Hoover Institution at Stanford University (2012) called it a “tainted” salad bowl where the ingredients or cultures were “bound together only by the ‘dressing’ of the law and the market” and that multiculturalism has the dual nature of being a celebration of cultural diversity, as well as an indication that diversity is not always unified. This divide in the treatment of different demographics is still witnessed today. Not everyone is “bound together” by this salad dressing: it is clear from the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)’s recent legislation demanding that international students taking only online classes must leave the country, that international students are getting thrown out of this salad bowl. When disaster hits, the “better” ingredients are prioritized. Although the salad bowl is a conglomeration of citizens and permanent residents with different cultural backgrounds, when push comes to shove, certain demographics like international students are the first to go.
ICE released the new legislation on July 6th (ICE). The legislation stated that F-1 or M-1 visa holders could not remain in the States if they were taking an entire fall semester course load online (ICE). The U.S. Department of State would not issue visas to these students, and thus the students had the options of either returning to their home country or transferring to a school with in-person instruction (ICE). This was clearly problematic for the huge international student population in the U.S. It also left many universities in a difficult situation where they could either open up their campuses and risk students’ health and safety, or carry through with an all-online semester with the risk of losing their international students.
Many students, staff, and community members took action to support those affected by the legislation. For instance, there were countless petitions to allow international students to remain in the U.S., such as those on Change.org. A number of professors also offered to teach in-person independent study courses to help their students maintain their visa status (InsideHigherEd). Most notably, Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology took the issue to the federal court to file a lawsuit against ICE’s new legislation (CNN). In their lawsuit, Harvard University President Larry Bacow stated that the legislation seemed to have been “designed purposefully to place pressure on colleges and universities to open their on-campus classrooms for in-person instruction this fall, without regard for the health and safety of students, instructors, and others” (“Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief”). The lawsuit outlined the tremendous difficulties students were facing, such as being unable to transfer to universities offering in-person classes, as well as the impracticality of expecting students to travel across borders to return to their home countries so suddenly to take online courses (“Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief”). The same week, the University of California sued the federal government, as well (University of California Press Room).
After receiving such wide opposition and criticism from universities and companies, the following week, the Trump administration finally rescinded the policy. However, this has not necessarily improved all international students’ views of the United States. The number of international students who came to the U.S. to study hit a new high at 1,095,299 students in the 2018-2019 academic year (IIE). However, the numbers of international students continuing their studies in the States has dropped due to COVID-19 (WENR). With ICE’s recent policy(WENR), international students may not feel as welcome in this country. We can only wait and see how the pandemic and unjust treatment of such students will affect the numbers in the coming years.
Comprehension Qs （設問）
What is the difference between a “melting pot” and a “salad bowl” of cultures?
The U.S. Department of State would not issue visas to students who _______________.
What did Harvard and MIT do?
What did the Trump administration do in the end?
What does the author speculate about at the end of the article?
Vocabulary
C1:
assert
sue
C2:
metaphor
legislation
lawsuit
Other
assimilate
tainted
multiculturalism
petition
rescind
unify/unified
demographics
impractical(ity)
Answers（設問の答え）
1) What does the “salad bowl” metaphor refer to?
c: the immigrants assimilated into American culture, but they retained their unique cultural identities.
2) The U.S. Department of State would not issue visas to students who _______________.
answer: had a full course load online during the fall semester
3) What did Harvard and MIT do?
They filed a lawsuit against the Trump administration, suing them for their unjust policy regarding international students.
4) What did the Trump administration do in the end?
They rescinded the policy.
5) What does the author speculate about at the end of the article?
that it is possible that the number of international students will decrease in the coming years
ここまでリスニングの練習を頑張った方、お疲れさまでした！
So proud of you!! (^^)/
リスニングは日々の積み重ねで効果が何か月か先にやっと見えてきたりします。毎日5分でもいいから、継続して頑張りましょう！
See you next time!
Dana ✌
もっと中上級英語・TOEFL/IELTSを勉強したい方：
https://www.instagram.com/danasensei_eikaiwa/
Listening: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IurDxCfVPLY&list=PL0_YtkTohrfrmcdnmtfUek0bbhFd0bD9n
Sources:
https://sites.psu.edu/ajwcivicissues/2019/01/21/melting-pot-or-salad-bowl/
https://www.hoover.org/research/melting-pots-and-salad-bowls
https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/08/politics/harvard-mit-lawsuit-ice-foreign-students/index.html
https://www.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/content/sevp_filing.pdf
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