History of Philippine(1380-2000)

This is just for myself, studying for the history of Philippine. I sometimes need this information to talk this topic with Philippine people.

1380 Muslim Arabs arrived at the Sulu Archipelago.

1521 Ferdinand Magellan discovers the islands and names them; Archipelago of San Lazaro.

1542 Spanish expedition commandeered by Ruy Lopez de Villalobos claims the islands for Spain; names them `Philippines` after Prince Philip, later king Philip Ⅱ of Spain; the Philippines becomes part of Spanish Empire.

1872 Gomburza (fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jopcinto Zamora) were executed by the Spaniards.

1892 Jose Rizal founded the civic organization La Liga Filipina.

1896 Katipuneros tear their cedulas and shout in contempt of the Spaniards in what is callled the Cry of Pugadlawin.

1897 General Emilio Aguinaldo establishes the a new republic at Biak-na-Bato in Bulacan.

1886 Jose Rizal publishes anti-Spanish novel, Noli Me Tangere (The lost Eden); and seers up independence sentiment.

1896 Spanish execute Rizal for instigating insurrection; public outrage spawns rebellion.

1898 American warship Maine was blown up in Havana harbour, triggers the the Spanish-American war, the battle of Manila Bay ensues.

1898 Emilio Aguinaldo assembled the Malolos Congress in Bulacan, then declares independence in Kawit, Cavite.

1899 Treaty of paris ends Spanish-American war, cedes Philippines to U.S. after payment to Spain by U.S. of $20 million. Emilio Aguinaldo declares independence then leads a guerrilla war against U.S.

1901 U.S. captures Aguinaldo; William Haward Taft arrives as first U.S. governor of Philippines. 

1902 Insurrection ends; Taft improves economic conditions settles disputes over church ownership of land, establishes Pensionado program, allowing Filipinos to study in U.S., which helped modernize and westernize the country.

1916 U.S. congress approves the Tydings-McDuffie Law promising Philippine independence by 1946 ; transition to independence begins.

1935 Filipino people approve constitution creating the Philippine Commonwealth with Manuel Quezon y Molina as president.

1941 Japanese invades the Philippines, and defeats Gen. Douglas MacArthur at Bataan and Corregidor; Quezon establishes government in exile in the U.S.

1944 Quezon dies in exile ; Vice President Sergio Osmena assumes the presidency; MacArthur returns to the Philippines and lands in Leyte with little resistance.

1945 Gen. MacArthur  liberates Manila and president Osmena establishes government.

1946 The U.S. gave the Philippines independence and Manuel Roxas y Acuna is elected as the first president of the new republic.

1965 Ferdinand E. Marcos is elected by a big majority as president.

1972 Martial law was declared by President Marcos. This period is marked with human rights abuses and corrupution.

1981 Marcos lifts Martial Law.

1983 Opposition leader Benigno Ninoy Aquino returns from exile and is assassinated on arrival at Manila International airport; Aquino`s widow Corazon leads the `People Pewer` protest movement. 

1986 Marcos was officially declared winner in a presidensial election beating Corazon Aquino amid charges of fraud; demonstrations erupt; Marcos flees to Hawaii; Aquino is declared president and forms a new government.

1992 Endorsed by Aquino, her Secretary of Defense Gen. Fidel Ramos wins presidential election. U.S. and Subic Bay naval base and Clark Air Field returns to Philippine government, ending American military presence in the Philippines.

1996 The government of Ramos agrees to greater autonomy for southern island of Mindano. Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) ends the guerrilla war with the government.

1997 Asian financial crisis grips Asia and the Philippines escapes the crisis despite series of currency devaluations.

1998 Former movie actor Joseph Estrada is elected president.

2000 On charges of corruption, the lower house impeach Estrada.

Reference;http://www.philippine-history.org/timeline.htm