ãðºã人çŒã§ç¢ºççã«å èš³ãä¿¡çšãèããã«ã¯ã©ããããè¯ããïŒ -12aç«ãäŸã«-
以ååºããèšäº
ã§ç¢ºçã®èãæ¹ã¯æžããŠããŸããããã£ãšå ·äœçãªç€é¢ã§ã¯ã©ããªãã®ã説æããããšæããŸãã
説æã®åã«1ã€èšã£ãŠããããã®ã¯ã
ããããåãæ©æ¢°çã§åœ¢åŒçãªè°è«ãé²ããŠãããŸãããå¥ã«ãã以å€ã®èŠçŽ (å ãåž«ã®çºèšãªã©)ã軜èŠããããã§ã¯ãªããšããããšã§ãã
ç§ãããããç€é¢çã«ä¿¡çšãèœã¡ãã®ãçºèšã§ä¿¡çšãèœã¡ãã®ãå
šãåãçŸè±¡ã§ãããããäžã®èšäºã§ã¡ãã£ãšç€ºåããŠãŸãã
ç§ã¯ç¢ºãã«ããããæ©æ¢°çãªèå¯ã倧äºã«ããŠããŸãããæ£çŽã¿ããªã倧äºã«ã§ããŠç¡ããããã ããšãããã
å
šéšã®èŠçŽ ãèããããã®ãçæ³ã ãšæããŸãã
ç§ã¯ç¢ºçã«ãã ããã¯ãããŸããã
人çŒ(ã®æšç)ã¯å
šéšç¢ºçã ããšãèšããããå
šéšç¢ºçã§ãªãããšãèšãããæåãªã¢ãã«ã䜿ããã©ããã®éãã§ãããªãã§ãã
ã ããã¿ã€ãã«ã«ç¢ºçãšãæžãããã¯ãªãã£ããã§ããããã€ã¡ãŒãžãåãã ãã ããã
â ãããã
äžã®3-1察æâ¯ã®èšäºã®å
容ãããããããŠãããŸãã
çµè«ã¯ã察æâ¯ãæããŠããå ãåž«ã®ä¿¡çšã¯ä»ã®å ãåž«ã®ä¿¡çšã®çŽååã«ãªããããã®çç±ã¯
ã»å¯Ÿæâ¯ãæãããšå¯Ÿæã®ççŒã®å
èš³ãåºå®åããã
ã»å¯Ÿæâ¯ãæããŠããªãå ãã®èŠç¹ã§ã¯å¯Ÿæã®å
èš³ã¯ççŒãšçŒçã§2ãã¿ãŒã³ãã
ã»æ¯èŒãããš1:2ã®ä¿¡çšå·®ã«ãªã
ãã®èšäºã§ã¯ããããèãæ¹ãå šéšã®ç€é¢ã«é©çšã§ããããšã説æããŸãã
ã©ãããèãæ¹ãªã®ãã¯å¯Ÿæâ¯ã®èšäºãèŠãŠãã ãããèãæ¹ã®æ£åœæ§ã¯ãã®èšäºãæ
ä¿ããŠããŸãã
ãªã®ã§ããã®èšäºã«å¯ŸããŠãèãæ¹èªäœããããããçæççãªããšãæãããæ¹ã¯ã察æâ¯ã®èšäºã«å¯ŸããŠåè«ãèããŠããã ããã°ãšæããŸãã
â éèŠãªãã€ã³ãâ ãã¿ãŒã³æ°ã軜èŠããªã
ããã¯å¯Ÿæâ¯ã®è©±ãåãå
¥ããŠãããŠããæ¹ã«ã¯åãããŸãããã
åºæ¬çã«å ãçµæãåºããšããããšã¯å
èš³ã®ãã¿ãŒã³ãçãããšããããšã§ããå
èš³ãçãŸãããšèªäœã¯ä¿¡çšãèããäžã§ãã€ãã¹èŠçŽ ã«ãããªããŸããã
æ¥ã§ãããããŒãããžãŒãšããèšèãç¥ã£ãŠããŸããïŒè«çåŠã®æŠå¿µã§ãã©ããããã®ããšãããšããããããŒã ã§ãé²æ¬¡éæ§æããšåŒã°ããŠãããã®ãæ³åããŠããããã°ãããšæããŸããåœããåãªäž»åŒµãã¿ãããªããšã§ããã
ããŒãããžãŒã¯æã«ãççããšè¡šçŸãããŸãã
åœããåã§ç¢ºå®ãªäž»åŒµã¯ç¡æå³ã ãšã¿ãªããããã©ããã®å確å®ã«æ£ããã¯ãããšããããšã§ãã
å ãåž«ã®ä¿¡çšãåãã§ãäœãèšããªããã°èšããªãã»ã©ä¿¡çšãé«ããªããåŸåããããŸãã
äŸãã°2-1ã®éâ¯ãšãããæãããããæå³ã®ãªãçµæã§ãããã°ã¬ãŒã®å
èš³ãéå®ããŠããªãç¹ã§ã¡ãã£ãšä¿¡çšãé«ããªããŸãã
ãããã¯ããäœãèšã£ãŠããªããã®å
žåäŸãšããŠãæ»äœâ¯ããããŸããã
ããã¯ãå ãåž«ãšããŠä»äºã§ããŠããªãããšããŠä¿¡çšãããªããªãã±ãŒã¹ãèŠãŸããããã¿ãŒã³æ°ãšãã芳ç¹ã§ã¯ãããä¿¡çšé¢ã§æå©ãªãã§ãããã
ç·åçã«ã¯é£ãã話ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸããŸããããã¿ãŒã³æ°ã軜èŠããŠãããšããããå ãåž«ãé©åã«è©äŸ¡ã§ããªããªããŸãã
â éèŠãªãã€ã³ãâ¡çã®è¡åã¯ç¡èŠã§ãã
å
èš³ã確ççã«èããã«ã¯ãå
èš³1ã€1ã€ã®ãã¿ãŒã³ã«ã€ããŠããã²ãŒã éå§ããçŸåšãŸã§ã®å
šãŠã®åãã¬ã€ã€ãŒã®è¡åããèæ
®ããå¿
èŠããããŸãã
ãã®æããã®ç€é¢ã§ãçå ãã¯ç¢ºå®ã§çåããŠããããšããæå³ã§ã®å¯Ÿç§°æ§ãããå Žåã¯ãåºæ¬çã«ããã®å
èš³ã§çå ãåž«ãšããŠãããã¬ã€ã€ãŒã®è¡åãã¯é€å€ããŠèããããšãã§ããŸãã
ãªããªããçå ãåž«ã®è¡åã決ãŸã£ãŠããããã§ãã
3-1察æâ¯ã®äŸã§èšããš
ã»èªå以å€ããã©ã³ãã ã«å ã£ã âå
èš³ã«é¢ä¿ãªã察çãäŸãã°11人æãªã1/10ã®ç¢ºçã®è¡åãããŠããããšã«ãªããŸãããããã¯èª°ãçã§ãæãç®ããã1/10ã§ãã
ã»çµæâ¯ãåºã âä»ç¹å®ã®å
èš³ãåæãšããŠãŸãããã®å
èš³ã§ã¯100%ã®ç¢ºçã§ã·ã¹ãã ãGMãâ¯ãã¯ããåºããŸãã(â»)
ã»å ãåž«ãå ãCOãã âæ¯åããŸããã
â»ãããç¹ã«äººå€ãšéããšããã§ãã人å€ãå ãå ãä»»æã«éžã¶ç¹ã¯çå ããšåãã§ãããâ¯ãåºãå¯èœæ§ãâãåºãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããã
çå ãã®ã»ãªãªãŒãåºå®çã§ãããåå ãåè£ããçå ããšããŠåŠ¥åœãªè¡åãããŠããããšèŠåãããŠããã®ã§ããã°ãçå ãã®è¡åã¯èæ ®ããªããŠããã§ãã
(äŸå€ã¯å ããåãŸãããšãã£ãé察称ãªç€é¢ã«ãªã£ãæããã®ææ®ã£ãå ãåè£ãå ãçµæã§å
èš³ãã©ãã©ãçããããäžæ¹çã«ä¿¡çšãäžãã£ãŠãããšèããã®ã¯ééãã
察æãåãŸããããšã§ä¿¡çšã¯äžããããåœç¶ãªããå ãçµæãåºãã ãã§æŽã«ä¿¡çšãäžããããã§ã¯ãªãã
詳现ã¯çç¥ããããæ®ã£ãåè£ãçã®å Žåãšäººå€ã®å Žåãã©ã¡ãã®æ¹ãè¡åéžæãå€ãããšããã°åŸè
ã§ãããšããç¹ããåè
ã®å¯èœæ§ã«æå©ãªç¹ã§ããã)
â ä»åã®ç€é¢(12aç«)
ä»åã¯é²è¡ã®è©±ã¯ããŸããããšã«ããæšçã®è©±ã ãããŸãã
ã¡ãªã¿ã«ç§ã¯ãã³ãDåããããããããªãããšæã£ãŠãŸãã
â 12aç«ãšã¯
æ4/çŒ3/å 1/é1/ç1/ç©1/ç«1 åèš12人
ããããåæ¥è¥²æã§1ã€æ¬ ãã11人æã§ãã
ç¹åŸŽã¯
ã»5åã4人å€
ã»åãäœè£1
ã»åæ¥å ããã
ã»ç«åãå±
ã
ã»ææ¬ ãæè©°ã¿äœè£2(å éç«ç©ã®ç圹è·ãåããªãåæã§å ãåž«ã¯2æå ãã°ã°ã¬ãŒãåãåãã)
ã»ã€ãŸãäºæ¥ç®(ã²ãŒã å
3æ¥ç®)ã«ã¯ã°ã¬ãŒãå ãèŠç¹è©°ã¿åŸãã»ã©ã°ã¬ãŒãçã
ã»3çŒããŠåãäœè£ã1ããç¡ãã®ã§éšãæŸé¡âåºãæŸé¡èº«å
åããæŸé¡
ã»åæ¥FO(ãã±ããCO)ãã»ãªãªãŒãšãªã£ãŠãã
â ç€é¢1ã®èå¯
ãŸããã¿ãŒã³ã®æŽçããè¡ããŸããããã
â
å
šäœ
12aç«ã§çŒã®å ã2éšããæžãçç±ã¯ãããŸããªããšæããŸãããããã©ããã§ç¡èŠããŸããå ãã®å
èš³ã¯çççŒãšããŸãã
ã°ã¬ãŒ(Då«ã)ã¯11-4=7人ã§ããããšåæ¥ç ç²è
ãåããã8人ã«æ4çŒ2ç«ç©ãå«ãŸããŠããŸãã
â
å AèŠç¹
察æã®å
èš³ã¯ççŒãçŒçã®2ãã¿ãŒã³ã
ã°ã¬ãŒã®å
èš³ã¯ããã³ãDãæãšéå®ããŠããŸããDã¯æCOããŠããæç¹ã§ç«ç©ãç¡ãã®ã§ãæ4çŒ2ã®ãã¡æ4ã«éå®ããŠããããšã«ãã€ãŸãã2/3ã®éå®ãšèšããŸãã
â
å BèŠç¹
察æã®å
èš³ã¯2ãã¿ãŒã³ã
ã°ã¬ãŒã®å
èš³ã¯ããã³ãDãçŒã§ãããã¯1/3ã®éå®ãšèšããŸãã
â
å CèŠç¹
察æã®å
èš³ã¯AçŒBçã®1ãã¿ãŒã³ã
ã°ã¬ãŒã®å
èš³ã¯éå®ããŠããŸããã
次ã«åå èš³ã«ã€ããŠäººå€ã®è¡åãæŽçããŸããè¡šã«ãŸãšããŸããã
ãã¿ãŒã³æ°ã®æ¯ã¯äžã§èª¬æããŠããããšã§ããDãæãªã2ã§çŒãªã1ã«ãªã£ãŠãŸãã
å人çè©äŸ¡ã¯ãå人çã«ãã®å
èš³ãæ¿ãããã©ããã®è©äŸ¡ã§ãã
人å€ã®è¡åããç人ã®è¡åããéšãçŒã®è¡åããæœäŒçŒã®è¡åãã«ãŸãšããŠããŸããããã§æ³šæãã¹ãããšã2ã€ãããŸãã
â 察称æ§ãèãããšããå
·äœçã«èª°ã«çµæãåºããŠããã®ããã¯ç¡èŠã§ãã
â¡ éšãçŒã®è¡åã«ã€ããŠãèããã¹ãã¯ãå²ããããåŠããã®æ¯èŒã§ã¯ãªããç¹å®ã®çžæ¹ãå²ãããç¹å®ã®éçžæ¹ã«â¯åºãããããã®æ¯èŒã§ããã
â ã«ã€ããŠã
äŸãã°ãäžã®è¡šã§äž2è¡ã®å
èš³ã¯å®å
šã«åã確çãšèšããŸãã
ãã®2ã€ã¯çŒã®å ãçµæãçŒAâæDâ¯ãªã®ãçŒCâçBâ¯ãªã®ããéããŸãããçŒã®è¡åéžæèªäœã¯ãç¹å®ã®éçžæ¹ã«â¯ãã§å
±éã§ãããäžèšã®éãã¯çµæçãªãã®ã«éããªãããã§ãã
ãã£ãšåœ¢åŒçã«èª¬æãããªããçŒAâæDâ¯ãçŒCâçBâ¯ãèµ·ãã確çã¯å¯Ÿçã§ãããšããããšã§ãã
ãéšãçŒãéçžæ¹ã«â¯ã(ãã確çã§)éžæãããéçžæ¹8人ã®ãã¡ãã(確ç1/8ã§)å ãå ãéžæããããšããç起確çã«é¢ä¿ããéšåãå ±éã ããã§ãã
â¡ã«ã€ããŠã
ä»èšã£ã圢åŒçãªèª¬æããããããããããããªãã§ããã
åå
èš³ããçŸåšã®ç¶æ³ã説æããã«ã¯ãçŒãçžæ¹ãå²ããã ãã§ã¯äžååã§ããçŒãç¹å®ã®çžæ¹ãå²ãããšããããšãããªããšçŸåšã®ç€é¢ã«ãªããŸããã
ãªã®ã§ãäŸãã°ãéšãçŒã¯5åã«1åçžæ¹ãå²ãã5åã«3åéçžæ¹ã«â¯åºãããã5åã«1åéçžæ¹ã«âåºããããããšããå Žåãæšçã§èããã¹ãã¯å²ãå²ããªãäºã
ã®1:3:1ã®æ¯ã§ã¯ãªãã誰ã«çµæãåºãããŸã§æŽã«èæ
®ãã
(1/5)Ã(1/2) : (3/5)Ã(1/8):(1/5)*(1/8)=4:3:1ã®æ¯ã§ãããšããããšã§ãã
ã§ã¯å
·äœçã«ã©ã®å
èš³ãæ¿ãã®ãèããŠã¿ãŸãããã
ãŸããã³ãã«ãªã£ãå Žåãâ¯ãåºããŠããæ¹ã®å ãåž«ã®ä¿¡çšã¯äžããåŸåã«ãããŸãã
è¡šã®1è¡ç®ãš4è¡ç®ãæ¯èŒããŠã¿ãŠãã ãããéšãçŒãç¹å®ã®çžæ¹ãå²ãã®ãšç¹å®ã®éçžæ¹ã«âåºãããã®ã§ã©ã£ã¡ã®ãå€ãã®ããšããæ¯èŒã1ã€ã®è«ç¹ã«ãªããŸãã
ãŸãç¹å®ã®çžæ¹ã«â¯ã¯äžçªå€ããšæããã§ãããæ¯èŒå¯Ÿè±¡ã¯ãç¹å®ã®çžæ¹ã身å
åãããç¹å®ã®éçžæ¹ã«â¯ããç¹å®ã®éçžæ¹ã«âããšããŠã
å²ãã¯äººå€ã«ãšã£ãŠæå©ãªã®ã«ããç¹å®ã®éçžæ¹ã«â¯ãããç人ã®ã©ã³ãã ã«â¯ãããå°ãªãã¯ãããªããšããæèŠã§ãã
åŸã¯ãã£ã±âåºãã£ãŠå€ããªãã§ãããã12aç«ã§âåºããäžå©ãªããšã¯å
šç¶ãªããšæããŸãããâåºãã£ãŠã€ãŸããªããšèãã人ãçµæ§å±
ãŸããã
ããã«âåºããå¢ãããšçãšéšãã®å·®ã倧ãããªã£ãŠã¡ã¿ãããããªãã®ã§ãäžçãããŸãã
ã ããè¡šã®1è¡ç®ãš4è¡ç®ã§ã¯éšãçŒã®è¡åéžæãšããæå³ã§ã¯å€§ããªå·®ããããšèšããŠãããããã³ãã®â¯åºãåŽãäžè¬ã«ä¿¡çšãäžããçç±ã«ãªããŸãã
å人çãªçµè«ãšããŠã¯ã人å€ã®âåºãããªããçŒãå²ã£ãŠãã1è¡ç®ãäžçªå€ããã
ã§ãã以äžã¯é£ãããªã£ãŠãããã§ããã©ã次ã«å€ãããªã®ã¯åãã人å€ã®âåºãããªã3è¡ç®ããªã»ã»ã»ãšããããšã§å人çè©äŸ¡ã¯äžèšã®ããã«ããŠããŸãã
ãã®è¡šã§è¡ãã°å ãåž«åäœã®ä¿¡çšã¯B>>A=Cã£ãŠæãã§ãããã
ãŸãšã
ãããã§ããã§ããããã
ãã¿ãŒã³æ°ã«é¢ããŠã¯çµæ§æ°åŠçãªè©±ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸã£ãŠåŸæäžåŸæãããšæããŸããã人å€ã®è¡åéžæããä¿¡çšãèãããšããã®ã¯èª°ã§ãã§ãããšæãã®ã§ãåãå
¥ããŠã¿ãŠãã ããã
ä»åã®ç€é¢ã¯ã¿ã€ã ã©ã€ã³ã§è©±é¡ã«ãªã£ãŠããç€é¢ããåã£ãŠããŸããã
äžã§ã¯å²ãã¯æµç³ã«éå²ãããå€ããããâåºãã¯å°ãªãããããããã®èãã§çµè«ãåºããŸããã
çå£ã«é²è¡ãèãããå Žåã¯ããã¡ãã£ãšèžã¿èŸŒãå¿
èŠããããŸããã
12aç«ã¯çµæ§ç°å¢ãã°ãã€ãããã(ãã£ãŒã«ãã«ãã£ãŠããããéãç°å¢ã«ãªãåŸã)é
圹ã ãšæã£ãŠããŸãã
身å
åãããããå€ãã£ãããšããã
ããå ·äœçã«èããããã°ãäžèšã®è¡šã§èªåã®æãå人å€è¡åã®æ¯ãä»®ã§èšå®ããã°å®å šã«å èš³ã®ç¢ºçæ¯ãåºããŸããé²è¡éžæã®ããã«ãããŸã§è©°ããå¿ èŠãããããšèšãã°åŸ®åŠã§ããã
ãã®èšäºãæ°ã«å ¥ã£ãããµããŒããããŠã¿ãŸãããïŒ