リフヌア:難治性または原因不明慢性咳嗽治療52週間の有効性安全性報告
リフヌア(一般名:ゲーファピキサントクエン酸塩):P2X3受容体とは、気道にあるC線維上に発現しており、その拮抗剤
咳嗽過敏症症候群(cough hypersensitivity syndrome)になってしまった、“難治性または原因不明慢性咳嗽:Refractory or Unexplained Chronic Cough”に適用
その52週間の有効性安全性報告
有効性の確認と、味覚消失も薬剤使用の間に軽減する症例が多数とのこと
Birring, Surinder S., Peter V. Dicpinigaitis, Jaclyn A. Smith, Alyn H. Morice, Lorcan P. McGarvey, Ian D. Pavord, Allison Martin Nguyen, et al. “Efficacy and Safety of Gefapixant for Refractory or Unexplained Chronic Cough over 52 Weeks.” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 207, no. 11 (June 2023): 1539–42. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202211-2128LE .
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この薬剤に関して、いつも疑問に思うのが、機序のところ、C線維と記載されているが、「most P2Y2 receptor-positive neurons are likely to have myelinated axons」とされる。
そもそも、"C線維は無髄神経であり、伝導速度は2.5 m/s以下である(ラットでは2 m/s や1.3 m/sが使われる)。(Aδ線維とC線維 - 脳科学辞典 (neuroinf.jp))"ってのが常識だと思っていたので・・・メーカーの説明と合わないところがある
Are P2X3 receptors present in myelinated or unmyelinated nerves? Where are they localized?
PERPLEXITY
P2X3 receptors are found in both myelinated and unmyelinated vagal afferent fibers1. In addition, P2X3 receptors have been localized in myelinated axons and axon terminals in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) 2. The study in3 suggests that most P2Y2 receptor-positive neurons are likely to have myelinated axons. Moreover, Yamamoto et al. 4 found that P2X3-immunoreactive nerve endings in the rat tracheal mucosa originated from myelinated nerve fibers. Finally, the study in5 suggests that P2X receptors mark the presynaptic NTS terminals of myelinated sensory afferents. Therefore, P2X3 receptors are present in both myelinated and unmyelinated nerves. They are localized in myelinated axons and axon terminals in the NTS, as well as in vagal afferent fibers.
1)https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26706222/
2)https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4764453 /
3)https://www.ucl.ac.uk/ani/GB%27s PDF file copies/CV1312.pdf
4)https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cne.24351
5) https://www.jneurosci.org/content/24/20/4709
3) https://www.ucl.ac.uk/ani/GB%27s%20PDF%20file%20copies/CV1312.pdf の記載