Happy Women's Map 神奈川県 日本初の女性裁判官 石渡 満子 女史
"社会全般のことは両性双方の立場から観察・考慮して初めて円満な解決が得られます。"
"A harmonious resolution can only be achieved by observing and considering matters related to society from the perspectives of both genders."
石渡 満子 女史
Ms. Mitcuko Ishiwata
1905 - 1974
神奈川逗子市 生誕
Born in Zusi-city, Kanagaw-ken
石渡満子女史は日本初の女性裁判官です。婦人法曹普及会はじめ婦人人権擁護同盟を組織して、戦後の日本の女性の社会的自立をバックアップしました。
Ms. Mitsuko Ishiwata was Japan's first female judge. She established organizations such as the Women's Legal Profession Propagation Association and the Women's Rights Advocacy Alliance to support the social empowerment of women in post-war Japan.
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満子は横須賀市桜山（今の逗子市）に、農学博士で養蚕産業を指導をする官吏の父親のもと4人姉妹の長女として生まれます。満子は東京女子高等師範学校（御茶ノ水女子大学）卒業と同時に婿養子を迎えて結婚するも8年後に離婚。女性のための法律専門学校を設立していた明治大学に進学します。戦争が激しくなる中も勉学に励み、39歳で卒業、40歳で司法試験に合格します。敗戦後、法律上の男女平等が実現され裁判官の道を選びます。戦後の不況による失業者の増大・生活苦による追い出し離婚の増大・少年少女の人身売買･地方婦人労働者の酷使が激増します。満子は女性弁護士らと婦人法曹普及会を結成、生活に直結した法律講座を開催します。さらに家事調停員また人権擁護委員らと協力して婦人人権擁護同盟を組織、実態調査・法律相談・訴訟・啓蒙活動を行います。女性を受けつけぬ暗黙のルールが存在する中に45歳で女性初の判事補として東京地方裁判所に赴任。56歳で判事となり、関東各地の地方裁判所に赴任。定年退官後は弁護士となり、第二東京弁護士会に所属。69歳で逝去。
Mitsuko was born in Sakurayama, Yokosuka City (now Zushi City), as the eldest of four sisters, to a father who was an agricultural doctor and a government official guiding the sericulture industry. Mitsuko graduated from Tokyo Women's Higher Normal School (currently Ochanomizu University) and got married as soon as she graduated but divorced eight years later. She then entered Meiji University, which had established a law school exclusively for women. Despite the intensification of the war, she continued her studies, graduating at the age of 39 and passing the bar exam at 40. After the war, with the realization of legal gender equality, she chose the path of a judge. The post-war recession led to increased unemployment, divorces due to economic hardship, a surge in human trafficking of boys and girls, and the harsh exploitation of rural female laborers. Mitsuko formed the Women's Legal Profession Propagation Association with female lawyers and organized legal courses directly related to people's lives. Furthermore, she cooperated with family court mediators and human rights advocates to establish the Women's Rights Advocacy Alliance, conducting practical investigations, legal consultations, litigation, and awareness activities. Amidst the existence of unspoken rules that discriminated against women, she was appointed as the first female judge at the age of 45 at the Tokyo District Court. At the age of 56, she became a judge, serving in various regional courts in the Kanto region. After retiring at the mandatory retirement age, she became a lawyer and joined the Second Tokyo Bar Association. She passed away at the age of 69.
-明治大学 Meiji Univ.
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