#4 日本vs清：壬午軍乱〜下関条約(明治後期Part1/3)

①日本 vs 清
・壬午軍乱(→清仏戦争)→甲申事変→天津条約
・甲午農民戦争→日清戦争→下関条約
⇒三国干渉

1. In 1884, during the Sino-French War, China lost, causing a strong conflict between pro-Japan and pro-China groups in what is now Seoul. 

2. At this time, Ito Hirobumi worked for peace because the new government was very busy, and they didn't think they could win the war against China. 

3. A group supporting Japan tried to take control suddenly, but it was stopped by a group supporting China. 

4. Later in 1885, a treaty for peace was signed, bringing a temporary end to the conflict. 

5. This treaty said that armies had to leave Korea, and both sides had to tell each other if they wanted to send troops to Korea. 

6. This event showed the political problems of that time. 

7. In 1894, Japan sent troops to southern Korea to take control away from China.

8. This was prompted by a farmer-led uprising led by a religious leader in Korea that the Korean government couldn't handle alone. Korea asked China for help, leading to Chinese troops being sent to Korea. 

9. Knowing about China's military involvement in Korea from a previous treaty, Japan was concerned that Korea would fall under Chinese influence. 

10. Japan won the war against China and later signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895. 

11. This treaty had vital terms:

12. 1. Korean independence.

13. 2. China gave up control of the Liaodong Peninsula, Taiwan, and the Penghu Islands to Japan.

14. 3. China paid a significant compensation.

15. 4. Four new ports were opened for trade.

16. However, due to pressure, especially from Russia, Japan had to return the Liaodong Peninsula to China. 

17. This resulted in anti-Russian sentiment in Japan. 

(260 words)